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6. Do field experiments improve ecological validity?

  • maybe
  • yes
  • no

7. What did the declaration of Helsinki (1964) say about ethics?

  • That procedures must be reviewed by authorities before research begins
  • That consent must be given and participants must be told of the reasons for the experiment
  • That procedures must be reviewed by authorities before research begins and participants must be told of the reasons for the experiment
  • That consent must be given and That procedures must be reviewed by authorities before research begins

8. Why is the researcher being able to control the experimental environment and procedures good?

  • Because then the researcher can knows that the results are down to chance.
  • Because then the researcher has full control over the IV and is able to precisely control how one condition of the experiment differs from another.
  • Because then all factors other than the independent variable remain constant.
  • Because each participant has an equal chance of being allocated to either condition

9. Why is Random assignment important?

  • Because otherwise the experiment is a quasi-experiment
  • Because otherwise the participants will know the aim of the study
  • Because otherwise there wont be any results.
  • Because otherwise it won't be an experiment.

10. What is an alternative to the experimental method?

  • Correlational/Cross-sectional Research
  • True Experiment
  • Research
  • Observation

11. What is the benefit of publication?

  • It adds to a collective body of knowledge and facilitates scientific progression
  • It allows you to become famous
  • It allows people to read what you think
  • It adds to other peoples knowledge

12. What can only the true experiment do?

  • Explain why the researcher is investigating something
  • Get a good sample size.
  • Identify cause and effect relationships
  • Identify the cause of relationships

13. What can't Quasi-experiments test?

  • They cannot test cause and effect propositions.
  • They cannot test more than one independent variable
  • They cannot test more than one dependent variable
  • They cannot test for the differences between participants

14. What is the aim of Correlational/Cross-sectional Research?

  • The aim is to not to identify a relationship between variables
  • The aim is to identify a relationship between variables
  • The aim is to reduce demand characteristics
  • The aim is to change the world with an impactful study

15. How does the researcher control the procedures?

  • The researcher chooses all procedures themselves
  • Any procedures (experimental instructions, experimenter's behaviour, tasks given) are standardised.
  • Any procedures (experimental instructions, experimenter's behaviour, tasks given) are not standardised.
  • The researcher makes sure the procedures are different for each participant.

16. What research method looks at numerical analysis?

  • Quantitative
  • Qualitative
  • Both
  • Neither

17. What is an Independent Variable?

  • A formal statement of prediction.
  • The variable manipulated by the researcher
  • The variable that the researcher measure.
  • Any concept that varies and can be measured or assessed in some way. Simple examples are intelligence, height and social status

18. Name an disadvantage of a true experiment

  • Can test cause and effect relationships enabling explanation as well as descriptions of behaviour
  • Lacks ecological validity
  • Precise measurement of variables is possible
  • All variables can be controlled

19. What are the two major types of experimental design?

  • Between-subjects and Within-subjects
  • separated-subjects and controlled-subjects
  • Between-subjects and controlled-subjects
  • Within-subjects and separated-subjects

20. What format must a scientific article follow?

  • Title, Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, References
  • Title, Blurb, Introduction, Method, Results, References
  • Title, Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion
  • Title, Blurb, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, References