6. involving the primary loss of bicarbonate anion as in e.g. from the gut in diarrhoea or from the kidney related to the use of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. This naturally causes the ratio of bicarbonate anion to carbon dioxide to decrease and with it, pH
normal or non-anion gap metabolic acidosis
normal or non-anion gap metabolic alkalosis
7. E.g. breathing unaided at high altitude. initiated by hyperventilation, i.e. venting too much carbon dioxide in exhaled air. This elicits a fall in blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (hypocapnia) and, as before, a rise in the ratio of bicarbonate anion
