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6. Who originally formed the verification principle?

  • logical positivists, the Vienna Circle
  • A.J. Ayer

7. What is Aquinas's analogy of proportion?

  • God is proportionately greater than all beings on earth
  • God causes our attributes like a good baker produces good bread
  • All things are bigger or smaller than each other

8. What is the verification principle?

  • a statement that cannot be verified must be meaningless
  • if a statement can be proven false it is meaningful

9. What parable did Flew use to illustrate the falsification principle?

  • Parable of the Partisan and the Stranger
  • Parable of the Gardener
  • Parable of the Lunatic

10. What did Bultman mean by 'kerygma'

  • the true message or meaning
  • the secrets of the Bible
  • true facts

11. What is cognitive language?

  • coveys facts and knowledge; can be proven true or false
  • things that are non-factual e.g. emotions

12. What could a statement be to be possibly verifiable using the STRONG verification principle?

  • analytic (including mathematical), synthetic and true by confirmation of the senses.
  • mathematical and historical
  • analytic but not synthetic

13. Who agreed with Aquinas?

  • Ian Ramsey (qualifiers)
  • Stanislaw Lem (Solaris)