A non-empirical event, an awareness that transcends beyond the individual
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4 aspects of religious experience
1. Self transcendence 2. Union with something larger than oneself 3. Absolute and complete dependence and helplessness 4. Experience of tremendous fascinating mystery
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William James' 4 features of a religious experience
Passive, Ineffable, Noetic, Transiency
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William Jame's 3 conclusions
Pluralism, Empiricism, Pragmatism
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4 points of validity judged on its 'fruits'
1. Ideal power 2. Surrender to ideal power 3. Elation 4. Shift in the emotional centre
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Swinburne's types of religious experience
1. Private (Describable in ordinary language, Non-describable, non-scientific) 2. Public (Ordinary, Extraordinary)
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Principle of Credulity
Ought to believe things are as they seem to be
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Principle of Testimony
Reasonable to believe what a person is saying it true
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Numinous experience
An experience of wonder in the presence of the almighty and invokes and awareness of the relative insignificance of ourselves as human beings
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For Otto, God is the
Wholly other
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Martin Buber's relationships to God
I-Thou -> shared intimate personal relationship. I-It -> When we stand in relation to something as an object which is completely separate from us
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Types of Vision
Corporeal (as of a physical object. knowledge gained) Imaginative (Dreams) Intellectual (Experience rather than observation)
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The religious experience argument
P1. Experience of X indicates reality of X. P2. Experience of God indicates the reality of God. P3. It's possible to experience God. C. God exists
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The REA isn't valid because
It commits the logical fallacy of affirming the consequent
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How Swinburne defends the REA
Principles of Credulity and Testimony and that it's unfair to treat R. Experiences differently to perceptual claims
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Physiological challenge to REA
Drugs, did St Paul have epilepsy? Persinger's helmet
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Psychological challenge to REA
Freud and Feurerbach, mental hospital patients show similar behaviour to religious
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Sociological Challenges to REA
R.Exp refelct society lived in. Marx - 'opium of the people' form of oppression and social control
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Revelation
Disclosure from the divine, especially of something previously hidden
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Natural theology/General theology
Information available about God to all people at all times
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Revealed theology/Special revelation
Religious truth is derived from God's revelation to humans
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Barth's concept of revelation
God reveals what he wants not what we want -> special revelation
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Issues rising from the Bible being divinely inspired
1. How the text came to humans. 2. God given or human in origin. 3. What can we actually learn about God from this text via its inspiration
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Propositional revelation
God revealed truths and facts to the writers o scripture. Contains no errors
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Issues with propositional revelation
Interactionism, freewill, limit of human language
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Non-propositional revelation
God reveals himself to writers via r.exp. Truths and facts are not communicated
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Issues with non-propositional revelation
Bible must contain some propositional truth or there'd be no reason to follow it, no direct knowledge, content may be misinterpreted
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
4 aspects of religious experience
Back
1. Self transcendence 2. Union with something larger than oneself 3. Absolute and complete dependence and helplessness 4. Experience of tremendous fascinating mystery
Card 3
Front
William James' 4 features of a religious experience
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