6. Hypothesis setting is carried out in which research phase
Interpretive phase
Preliminary assessments
Pre-analysis phase
Principal analyses
7. Complete the following: A relative risk of 3.25 indicates:
A decrease in risk among the target group compared to the other group
An increase in risk among the target group compared to the other group
The risk is equal in both groups
None of the above
8. A business analyst was interested in the variation of sales income across four shops in a retail chain. He ran an ANOVA with the predictor variable ‘shop location’, which had four categories, ‘High street’, ‘Outlet’, ‘Online’ and ‘Suburb’; the outcome va
There is no significant difference in monthly sales income by shop location
There is a significant difference in monthly sales income by shop location
The results are ambiguous
There is insufficient information; the results of Post hoc tests are needed
9. You have conducted a Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and have a significance level of p=0.06. What do you conclude?
The data is normally distributed
The data is not normally distributed
10. You are interested in whether there is a significant difference between males and females in the number of shoes owned. You have a sample of 40 males and 65 females in your study. You have conducted Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and have a significance level o
Mann Whitney test
Independent t-test
11. Independent samples refers to differences...
between two groups
within two groups
12. You have conducted a Mann Whitney test to determine if there is a difference between males and females in the number of shoes owned. Which set of values should you report?
The p-value, the Mann-Whitney U value, Degrees of Freedom and the Median±IQR
The p-value, the Mann-Whitney U value, Sample size (n) and the Median±IQR
The p-value, the Mann-Whitney U value, Sample size (n) and the Mean±SD
The p-value, the Mann-Whitney U value, Degrees of Freedom and the Mean±SD
13. The distance between a data point and the regression line is called a:
Residual
Coefficient
Outlier
Intercept
14. Which of the following is true about ecological validity?
Ecological validity refers to the applicability of findings to the real world
All laboratory experiments have low ecological validity
None of the other answers is correct
Ecological validity refers to how much a study’s methods resemble real-life situations
15. A correlation of 0.5 would produce a scatterplot in which the slope:
Is flat (horizontal).
Is vertical.
Is upwards (from the bottom left corner to the top right corner of the graph).
Is downwards (from the bottom right corner to the top left corner of the graph
16. What does the Bonferroni correction do?
Multiplies the specified significance level by the number of tests conducted
Divides the specified significance level by the number of tests conducted
Shows only the significant pairwise comparison
Re-sets the significance level to p=0.01 to reduce the chance of false positives
17. Which value can be defined as a measure of how much variability in one variable is explained by the other?
Covariance
P-value
R-squared
Correlation coefficient
18. Which of the following statements about the correlation coefficient is not true?
It can be used to test the difference between two means
It can be used as an effect size measure
It can be used on ranked data
It varies between –1 and +1
19. If the observed and expected frequencies in a contingency table are substantially different to one another, you might expect:
To be able to reject the null hypothesis
All of the above
A large positive chi-square test statistic
A statistically significant relationship between your categorical variables
20. A teacher in a school was interested in examining the differences in children’s maths scores across a year group, which consisted of three classes. She was particularly interested in whether the class the child was in had a possible influence on the child
There is no significant difference in children’s maths scores by class membership
There is insufficient information; the results of Post hoc tests is needed
The results are ambiguous
There is a significant difference in children’s maths scores by class membership