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6. Which is not a selective targets for drugs to treat fungal infections?

  • chitin
  • polysaccharides
  • glucans
  • ergosterol

7. Which of these is incorrect regarding plaque formation

  • the 'plaque' is a structure found in bacteriophages which is the replicated virus
  • once the virus has been replicated, the host cell releases them (lysis) and is n longer needed
  • viruses contain DNA and so a host cell is not needed
  • the host cell used is a bacteriophage (it's used for its metabolic ability)

8. What does not happen during the stage 4 of bacterial growth (death phase)?

  • the phase length is variable
  • It is induced by a lack of nutrients
  • autolysis occurs
  • there is a net loss of cells

9. Which about bacterial exopolysaccharides is incorrect?

  • their function is to protect and avoid dessication
  • they are slime and capsules
  • They are 50% water and 50% carbs
  • examples are dextrans and alginate

10. Which of the following about bacterial cell walls is incorrect?

  • They are chemically reactive
  • They are composed of peptide chains and carbohydrates
  • It is made of peptidoglycans
  • They provide mechanical strength

11. Which of these would you not see in a gram -ve when gram staining?

  • an outer membrane
  • teichoic acids
  • thinner layer of peptidoglycan
  • periplasm

12. Which of he following is not a correct difference between pili and fimbriae

  • pili are longer than fimbriae
  • pili is for adhesin and genetic exchange whereas fimbriae is for attachment and clumping
  • The number of fimbriae is variable but there is only 1-2 pili per cell
  • pili are more than 3um long and more than 6nm in diameter whereas fimbriae are 3um by 6nm

13. Which of the following is NOT a property of the influenza A virus?

  • it undergoes extensive antigenic variation
  • it is the major cause of sexual infections
  • it infects animals and humans
  • it is an enveloped virus with an RNA genome

14. Which of these about bacterial chromosomes is correct?

  • it consists of single stranded DNA
  • They are linear
  • They are 1-2mm
  • There are 2-3 in each cell

15. Which statement about plasmids is correct?

  • They are extrachromasomal
  • There is 1 per cell
  • they prevent mutations

16. Which of the following about bacterial cell membranes is correct?

  • They are thick (80nm)
  • They do not allow for endo or exocytosis
  • They contain fatty acids, including cholesterol
  • They are metabolically inert

17. Which of these about viruses is correct?

  • they are 28-200nm in size
  • they cannot produce protein but they can produce ATP
  • they only contain DNA
  • their outer protein coat is called a capsomere

18. give the incorrect statement about flagella

  • they are are 2-8nm in diameter
  • they are helical
  • their function is motility
  • the number and distribution is variable

19. Which of these is not a gram positive ROD bacteria?

  • Staphylococcus
  • Bacillus
  • Clostridium
  • Listeria