Psychology - Paper 3 - Schizophrenia - Interactionist approach

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What is the diathesis-stress model?
This model states that individuals have varying genetic vulnerabilities for SZ (diathesis) that combine with environmental stressors (stress) to account for the development of the disorder.
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How can the diathesis stress model be used to understand the development of SZ?
A genetic vulnerability may lead to a biochemical abnormality e.g. dopamine system which could lead to inability to process info normally, the addition of disrupted family communications/traumatic life event/drug abus could trigger development of SZ.
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What is 1/2 genetic studies that support the interactionist approach?
Gottesman - showed a concordance rate of 48% for MZ twins and 17% for DZ twins, suggesting genetic factors are involved. Suggests that genes on their own don't cause SZ as rates aren't 100% therefore environmental triggers are important.
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What is 2/2 genetics study that support the interactionist approach?
Tienari found that 10% of adopted Ps who had a schizophrenic mother developed SZ compared to 1% in the control group. Suggests that genetic factors are important but not a complete explanation for SZ.
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Which study links to family environment and supports the interactionist approach?
Marcus - prospective longitudinal study of high risk children who had parent with SZ. Children who developed SZ were more likely to come from high EE families. However none of those who received good parenting developed SZ (diatheis stress model).
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Which cannabis study supports the interactionist approach?
There is evidence to show that those who use cannabis have a higher risk of developing SZ e.g. Semple et al. Not all patients with SZ have been exposed to cannabis and not all cannabis users have SZ. Cannabis can trigger SZ.
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What is the general evaluation of the interactionist approach?
It is not clear how the different risks interact and contribute to the development of SZ. Causes for SZ may differ between individuals.
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What are the practical implications of the interactionist approach?
Has led to effective treatments for schizophrenia
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What is the interactionist approach to treating SZ?
Patients will be given AP drugs to reduce symptoms so they can engage with psychological therapy. Patients are rarely treated with psychological therapies alone.
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What is the supporting evidence for the interactionist approach to treating SZ?
Guo et al found that patients who received both treatments had improved insight into SZ, improved quality of life and less likely to relapse. Shows it's effective.
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What's the contradictory evidence to the interactionist approach for treating SZ?
Combining therapies makes treatment more expensive and devising the most effective combination of therapies for an individual is time consuming as all cases are unique.
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What are the relevant issues and debates?
Holism debate (reductionism by using the diathesis stress model as it reduces it down to simple elements.
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How can the diathesis stress model be used to understand the development of SZ?

Back

A genetic vulnerability may lead to a biochemical abnormality e.g. dopamine system which could lead to inability to process info normally, the addition of disrupted family communications/traumatic life event/drug abus could trigger development of SZ.

Card 3

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What is 1/2 genetic studies that support the interactionist approach?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is 2/2 genetics study that support the interactionist approach?

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Card 5

Front

Which study links to family environment and supports the interactionist approach?

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