Process of Infection

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CHAIN OF INFECTION
1. Infectious Agent - bacteria, virus, fungi, parasite.
2. Reservoir - people, water, equipment.
3. Portal of Exit - excretion, secretion, droplets.
4. Mode of Transmission - contact, droplets etc.
5. Portal of Entry - resp. tract, skin, GI tract
6. Susce
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1) COLONISATION
- Infectious organisms exist in reservoirs.
- They are transmitted, either by direct contact OR indirectly by vectors.
- Human-to-human transmission by aerosolised microorganisms in droplets eg. coughing or sneezing.
- After deposit in receptive environ
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2) INVASION
- The infectious agent can invade surrounding tissues or other sites.
- Pathogens have developed mechanisms to penetrate tissues and simultaneously avoid the hosts non-specific and specific defences.
(inflammation and immunity)
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3) MULTIPLICATION
- Host environment = warm, nutrient filled, which allows for rapid multiplication.
- Viral pathogens replicate within infected cells
- Once a virus attaches and undergoes phagocytosis, its contents are released (uncoating) It then enters the nucleus whe
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4) SPREAD
- Microorganism can produce localised infections without spread to other regions of the body.
- Others may be highly invasive and may enter lymphatics, bloodstream or internal organs.
- Successful spread relies on: virulence factors, adhesion molecules, t
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

- Infectious organisms exist in reservoirs.
- They are transmitted, either by direct contact OR indirectly by vectors.
- Human-to-human transmission by aerosolised microorganisms in droplets eg. coughing or sneezing.
- After deposit in receptive environ

Back

1) COLONISATION

Card 3

Front

- The infectious agent can invade surrounding tissues or other sites.
- Pathogens have developed mechanisms to penetrate tissues and simultaneously avoid the hosts non-specific and specific defences.
(inflammation and immunity)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

- Host environment = warm, nutrient filled, which allows for rapid multiplication.
- Viral pathogens replicate within infected cells
- Once a virus attaches and undergoes phagocytosis, its contents are released (uncoating) It then enters the nucleus whe

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

- Microorganism can produce localised infections without spread to other regions of the body.
- Others may be highly invasive and may enter lymphatics, bloodstream or internal organs.
- Successful spread relies on: virulence factors, adhesion molecules, t

Back

Preview of the back of card 5

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