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6. why was moseley 2006 the most reliable

  • the others did not have a control
  • the others had 13 and and 18 participants
  • the others werent double blinded
  • the others suffered from self reporting bias

7. Why isn't allodynia useful?

  • Pain helps scar tissue from breaking
  • Up regulation of receptors
  • It looks pretty
  • It circulates more blood to area due to itching

8. If it is CRPS type 2, why would you try neurodynamics?

  • Sliders and tensioners to encourage movement of inflammation and encourage nutrient flow
  • Repetitive stretch and strain can cause mechanical irritation
  • If a nerve is painful, pain can be perceived anywhere in the nerve
  • Nerve impulse releases neuropeptides such as substance P at the end of the nerve

9. What is the underlying mechanism for CRPS?

  • Immunological mechanisms
  • Alterations to central nervous system causing central sensitisation
  • All of them
  • Peripheral sensitisation caused by peripheral inflammation

10. In peripheral sensitisation, substance P changes A beta fibres in to what?

  • nociceptors
  • DPAG
  • rostral ventral medulla

11. How much practice was required for mirror therapy

  • 2 hours a day for 4 days a week for 5 weeks
  • 3 hours a day for 6 days a week for 5 weeks
  • 2 hours a day for 5 days a week for 4 weeks
  • 1 hours a day for 4 days a week for 3 weeks

12. Desensitisation is a new treatment. What are the problems with the current study?

  • Low participant numbers
  • Retrospective cohort study with no control
  • Lack of double blinding
  • Observational study

13. How many participants were included in Moseley 2006

  • 50 overall, 40 with CRPS
  • 40 overall, 36 with CRPS
  • 50 overall, 36 with CRPS
  • 36 overall, 20 with CRPS

14. Which of these is not one of the strategies recommended by the RCP guidelines

  • Psychological therapy
  • Medication
  • Physiotherapy
  • Occupational therapy
  • Education

15. What can cause central sensitisation?

  • Maladaptive psychosocial factors causing less blocking from PAG and RVM
  • All of these
  • Descending inhibition turning down
  • Neuroplasticity enlarging the homunculus and increasing cortical representation of pain areas

16. What were elements of bias in moseley 2006

  • single blinded, no control group
  • retrospective study, no control group
  • single blinded, self reporting, low participant numbers
  • single blinded, low participant numbers

17. what were the percentages for CRPS

  • 65% trauma, 37% radius#
  • 65% trauma, 50% radius#
  • 84% trauma, 65% radius#
  • 37% trauma, 12% radius#

18. Which of these would be long term management for CRPS

  • All of these
  • Annual review by pain clinic
  • Easy access to hydrotherapy
  • Fast GP access
  • Peer support groups

19. What are the positives of education?

  • Education on lack of damage and not falling into boom/bust pattern
  • Social learning theory effective but may not work for patients with psychological problems such as depression
  • Need 20-30 minutes of activity for endorphin release, unlikely if the patient is in a lot of pain
  • If educated wrong, may enforce negative beliefs