politics

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What is meant by a President's informal source of Power?
This power, not derived from the Constitution, can be described as an informal power.
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What is a Electoral Mandate?
Electoral mandate is the permission granted to a political leader or winning party to govern and act on the people’s behalf, e.g. President Obama in 2008 and 2012.
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How have Trump and Obama's Electoral Mandate contrasted?
In 2008 even though Obamacare was controversial, with a popular electoral mandate (he won 52.9% of the popular vote) and support in both Houses, Obama was able to get it passed. Despite Trump taking both Houses in 2016, he has been hampered with pro
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State what is meant by an Executive Order?
A direction to the federal bureaucracy on how the president would like a piece of legislation to be implemented.
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Describe an example of how Obama used Executive Orders as a unilateral action?
Obama used an executive order to extend background checks for gun purchase, which remained in place until the newly-elected Republican Congress overturned it in 2017. Obama’s executive order – the expansion of DAPA overturned by Supreme Court 2017
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State 2 Examples of a President acting as Comforter-in-Chief?
Obama was able to utilise national tragedies such as the Sandy Hook and Orlando shooting to press for greater gun control in the USA. That 9/11 happened in 2001 helped George Bush to become more presidential after the controversy of his election
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Who is in the US Cabinet?
The cabinet is the heads of the 15 departments of government, plus others that the president wishes to include, e.g. US Ambassador to the UN.
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State 1 role of the Cabinet
The cabinet is used to show open, transparent government. The Obama administration created one of the most diverse cabinets in history to give a vast range of voters a feeling of inclusion within government, thereby improving presidential approval.
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State 1 reason why the Cabinet is a poor and unreliable source of presidential power
it has no constitutional power the cabinet is not a collective body (unlike UK) its members are based away from the White House in their departments, as opposed to in EXOP
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State 1 reason why Individually Cabinet Ministers are useful?
Individually, a cabinet member may be incredibly useful to the president, either in being the force behind one of his policies, as with Sebelius (Obama’s Health Secretary) and Obamacare, or in taking some of the criticism away from the president
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Compare Obama and Trump's highest and lowest approval ratings
"Highest 68% Lowest 40%" Obama: "Highest 46% Lowest 38%" Trump
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Compare 2 Key National Crisis of Trump and Obama
"Mass shootings – Sandy Hook, Orlando, Oregon, etc. Osama Bin Laden killed Benghazi Government shutdown 2013": Obama. "‘Muslim travel ban’ Executive order Kim Summit Trade-war with China": Trump.
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State 3 Factors that affect a Presidents power to persuade
Nature/characteristics of each president, real constitutional power or unilateral action to back it up, personality
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When was The Executive Office of the President (EXOP) established?
EXOP was established in 1939 following the Brownlow Committee Report that found ‘the President needs help’.
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State the 3 divisions of the Executive Office of the President
National Security Council (NSC), Office of Management and Budget (OMB), White House Office (WHO)
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Why did Nixon and George W. Bush using the NSC rather than State department WEAKEN presidential power?
Both Nixon and George W. Bush used the NSC and the NSA rather than the State Department, and under Reagan it was the NSAs who ran the Iran-Contra affair. All of this created negative publicity for the president, and weakened his power.
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What is the Role of OMB (Office of Management and Budget)
The OMB is responsible for handling the budget that the president presents to Congress, and for monitoring what each department is spending. Given that this role allows the OMB considerable power, its director was made a Senate-confirmable appointme
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Why is the White House Office Important- How has the Press Secretary helped Trump
The best-recognised face in this office is usually the press secretary – for Trump, Sean Spicer was the source of ridicule in the press due to the administration’s antagonistic relationship with the media. This has cost Trump a good deal of ‘power’
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a Electoral Mandate?

Back

Electoral mandate is the permission granted to a political leader or winning party to govern and act on the people’s behalf, e.g. President Obama in 2008 and 2012.

Card 3

Front

How have Trump and Obama's Electoral Mandate contrasted?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

State what is meant by an Executive Order?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe an example of how Obama used Executive Orders as a unilateral action?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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