Physiology MCQ

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  • Created by: Kathleen
  • Created on: 28-05-14 22:00
What concentration of glucose (in mg%) must a person's blood have for them to be considered hyperglycemic?
>120
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What do the beta cells of the pancreas release in response to a high blood glucose level?
Insulin
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What do the alpha cells of the pancreas release in response to a low blood glucose level?
Glucagon
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What chemical is released in response to an increase of food in the gut after eating?
Choleystokinin
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Where in the brain is the satiety centre located?
Medulla Oblongata
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Which chemical is released in breast feeding when the baby sucks on the ******?
Oxytocin
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What is a bipolar neuron?
A neuron with a single axon and a single dendrite
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What is the correct composition of the intracellular fluid?
High [K+], Low [Na+] and [Cl-]
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What is the correct composition of the extracellular fluid?
Low [K+], high [Na+] and [Cl-]
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What is the equilibrium potential of K+? (in mv)
-90
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What is the membrane threshold potential? (in mv)
-50
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How long is an action potential?
2ms
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What are the three major regions of cerebral grey matter?
The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and the limbic system
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What is the amygdala involved in controlling?
Emotion and memory
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What are the convolutions of the cerebral cortex called?
Gyri
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What are the grooves of the cerebral cortex called?
Sulci
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Which isn't true about fast pain (acute)?
It is transmitted by C nerve fibres (unmyelinated)
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Which isn't true about slow pain (chronic)?
Transmitted by A delta nerve fibres
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How many horse shoe shaped cartilage plates are stacked to form the trachea?
20
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Which statement is correct about the lungs?
The right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2 lobes
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What is the space in the left lung called which accommodates the heart?
Cardiac notch
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How many airway divisions are there from the trachea to the alveoli?
23
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What type of epithelial cells are found in the trachea?
Columnar
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What type of epithelial cells are found in the bronchi?
Cuboidal
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What type of epithelial cells are found in the alveoli?
Squamous
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Which blood vessel delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
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Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the lungs?
Pulmonary vein
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What is the main muscle involved in breathing?
Diaphragm
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Which muscles are involved in expiration in quiet breathing?
No muscles involved
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If atmospheric pressure is 760 mmHg, what would the intra-alveolar pressure have to be for inhalation to occur? (in mmHg)
759
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Approximately what percentage of total energy expenditure is used for breathing?
3%
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Approximately what percentage of carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate in the red blood cell?
70%
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Approximately what percentage of carbon dioxide is carried in combination with plasma proteins?
23%
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Approximately what percentage of carbon dioxide is carried in solution, in plasma?
7%
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Below what concentration of PO2 in oxygenated blood do peripheral chemoreceptors switch on?
60 mmHg
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What does the left coronary artery divide into?
Left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery
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What percentage of coronary flow goes through the left coronary artery?
85%
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Which equation is equal to cardiac output?
heart rate x stroke volume
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What is the cardiac output in a healthy adult at rest?
5L/min
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Which agent is not used as a vasodilator?
Adenosine
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Around what percentage of arterial blood is saturated with oxygen?
100%
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Around what percentage of mixed venous blood is saturated with oxygen?
75%
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Around what percentage of white blood cells are monocytes?
2-10%
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What do platelets release from their granules once activated?
ADP and thromboxane A2
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What does aspirin inhibit?
COX
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Which statement is true?
Thrombin catalyses the conversion of the soluble protein fibrinogen to the insoluble protein fibrin
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Which ion is required in coagulation?
Ca2+
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What is the ligand for sour receptors on the taste buds?
H+
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What is the ligand for salty receptors on the taste buds?
Na+
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Which neurotransmitter is released from type 3 presynaptic cells (taste cells)?
Serotonin
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Which neurons form the olfactory nerve?
Olfactory receptor cells
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What is the range of visible light in humans?
400-750 nm
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What is the name of the part of the eye with the sharpest vision?
Fovea
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do the beta cells of the pancreas release in response to a high blood glucose level?

Back

Insulin

Card 3

Front

What do the alpha cells of the pancreas release in response to a low blood glucose level?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What chemical is released in response to an increase of food in the gut after eating?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where in the brain is the satiety centre located?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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