Physiology Practice Minimals
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- Created by: kpaul1234
- Created on: 09-09-23 16:11
Body fluid compartments
Total body water (TBW): 60% of body weight
Intracellular fluid: 60% of TBW
Extracellular fluid (ECF): 40% of TBW
Interstitial fluid: 47% of ECF
Intravascular: 17% of ECF
Intracellular fluid: 60% of TBW
Extracellular fluid (ECF): 40% of TBW
Interstitial fluid: 47% of ECF
Intravascular: 17% of ECF
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Composition of intracellular fluid
(only the most important cations, can be different among cell types and species)
(only the most important cations, can be different among cell types and species)
Na+ 8 - 20 mmol/L
K+ 135 - 150 mmol/L
Ca2+ 0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L
K+ 135 - 150 mmol/L
Ca2+ 0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L
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Extracellular fluid compartment Composition of human blood plasma: (mmol/L)
Na+ 133-146
K+ 3.5-5.3
Mg2+ 0.6-1.1
ionized (free) Ca2+ 1.13-1.32
Cl- 99-111
HCO3- 22-31
phosphate 0.80-1.45
total Ca2+ 2.1-2.6
K+ 3.5-5.3
Mg2+ 0.6-1.1
ionized (free) Ca2+ 1.13-1.32
Cl- 99-111
HCO3- 22-31
phosphate 0.80-1.45
total Ca2+ 2.1-2.6
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Extracellular fluid compartment Composition of human blood plasma: (mmol/L)
Osmolarity of human blood plasma: 275-301 mosmol/L
pH of human blood plasma: 7.38-7.42
Other components of human blood plasma:
glucose: 3.6-6.0 mmol/L
urea: 3.6-7.2 mmol/L
bilirubin: 3-17 µmol/L
protein: 60-80 g/L
pH of human blood plasma: 7.38-7.42
Other components of human blood plasma:
glucose: 3.6-6.0 mmol/L
urea: 3.6-7.2 mmol/L
bilirubin: 3-17 µmol/L
protein: 60-80 g/L
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Parameters of blood
Total blood volume: 80 mL/kg body weight
Hematocrit (Htc): 0.35-0.50
Sedimentation rate of RBC's: <10 mm/h
bleeding time: 2.5-9.5 min
platelets: 150-400 G/L
Hemoglobin concentration in blood: 115-165 g/L
RBC count: 4.2-6.1 T/L
Hematocrit (Htc): 0.35-0.50
Sedimentation rate of RBC's: <10 mm/h
bleeding time: 2.5-9.5 min
platelets: 150-400 G/L
Hemoglobin concentration in blood: 115-165 g/L
RBC count: 4.2-6.1 T/L
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Parameters of blood
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH): 27-31 pg
Red cell index (RCI): 1
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV):
80-99 fL
White blood cell count (WBC): 4.8-10.8 G/l
Red cell index (RCI): 1
Mean corpuscular volume (MCV):
80-99 fL
White blood cell count (WBC): 4.8-10.8 G/l
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Differential Blood Count
segmented neutrophils: 40-74%
eosinofils: 0.1-5.0%
basofils:0.1-1.5%
monocytes: 3.4-9.0%
lymphocytes: 19-41%
eosinofils: 0.1-5.0%
basofils:0.1-1.5%
monocytes: 3.4-9.0%
lymphocytes: 19-41%
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Gas transport in blood
combined with Hb
O2 99%
CO2 5%
bicarbonate
CO2 90%
dissolved
O2 1%
CO2 5%
O2 99%
CO2 5%
bicarbonate
CO2 90%
dissolved
O2 1%
CO2 5%
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Parameters of respiration
Pulmonary ventilation: 7-9 L/min (at rest)
Respiratory rate: 14-18/min (at rest)
Respiratory rate: 14-18/min (at rest)
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Lung Volumes
tidal volume (TV): 0.5 L
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): 2.5 L
exspiratory reserve volume (ERV): 1.0 L
vital capacity (VC): 4.0 L
residual volume (RV): 1.5 L
Tiffeneau-index (FEV1/FEVC*100) : >80%
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV): 2.5 L
exspiratory reserve volume (ERV): 1.0 L
vital capacity (VC): 4.0 L
residual volume (RV): 1.5 L
Tiffeneau-index (FEV1/FEVC*100) : >80%
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Gas Tensions (mmHg)
atmospheric air: pO2:158 PCO2:0.2
alveolar air: pO2:100 pCO2:40
venous blood: pO2:40 pCO2:46
arterial blood: pO2:95 pCO2:40
alveolar air: pO2:100 pCO2:40
venous blood: pO2:40 pCO2:46
arterial blood: pO2:95 pCO2:40
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Parameters of the cardiovascular system
Cardiac output (at rest): 5.0-5.5 L/min Maximal cardiac output during exercise: 20-25 L/min
Heart rate (at rest): 60-100/min Stroke volume: 70 - 80 mL
Heart rate (at rest): 60-100/min Stroke volume: 70 - 80 mL
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Parameters of the Normal ECG
P wave duration: 0.08-0.10s
PQ interval: 0.12-0.20s
QRS duration: 0.06-0.10s
QT interval: 0.32-0.39s
PQ interval: 0.12-0.20s
QRS duration: 0.06-0.10s
QT interval: 0.32-0.39s
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Hydrostatic pressure in system circulation (mmHg)
left ventricle: 120/0
aorta: 120/80
capillary (arterial end): 30
capillary (venous end): 10
right atrium: 2-3
aorta: 120/80
capillary (arterial end): 30
capillary (venous end): 10
right atrium: 2-3
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Hydrostatic pressure in pulmonary circulation (mmHg)
right ventricle: 25/0
pulmonary artery: 25/8
pulmonary capillary: 7-8
left atrium: 6
pulmonary artery: 25/8
pulmonary capillary: 7-8
left atrium: 6
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Colloidosmotic pressure of blood plasma
20-25 mmHg
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Parameters of Renal Function
Urine production: 1-1.5 L/day
Density of urine: 1002-1030 g/L
pH of urine: 4.5-8.3
Density of isosmotic urine: 1010-1012 g/L
GFR: 125 mL/min
RBF: 1200 mL/min
RPF: 670 mL/min
ERPF=CPAH: 600 mL/min
FF: 0.2
EPAH: 0.9
Density of urine: 1002-1030 g/L
pH of urine: 4.5-8.3
Density of isosmotic urine: 1010-1012 g/L
GFR: 125 mL/min
RBF: 1200 mL/min
RPF: 670 mL/min
ERPF=CPAH: 600 mL/min
FF: 0.2
EPAH: 0.9
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Nutrition and Metabolism
pH of gastric juice: 1-2
Basal metabolic rate (BMR): 155-175 kJ/h m2
Basal metabolic rate (BMR): 155-175 kJ/h m2
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Energy content of foodstuffs /caloric values/ (kJ/g)
protein: energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 24 energy released by oxidation in the body: 17
carbohydrate: energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 17 energy released by oxidation in the body: 17
fat: energy released by combustion in calori
carbohydrate: energy released by combustion in calorimeter: 17 energy released by oxidation in the body: 17
fat: energy released by combustion in calori
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Oxygen energy equivalent
19-21 kJ/L
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Respiratory quotient (RQ)
carbohydrate oxidized: 1
fat oxidized: 0.7
normal diet: 0.8-0.85
fat oxidized: 0.7
normal diet: 0.8-0.85
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Daily recommended protein intake
0.8g/kg
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Body mass index (BMI)
20-25 kg/m2
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Spectrum of the visible light
400-700 nm
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Frequency range of hearing
20-20000 Hz
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Composition of intracellular fluid
(only the most important cations, can be different among cell types and species)
(only the most important cations, can be different among cell types and species)
Back
Na+ 8 - 20 mmol/L
K+ 135 - 150 mmol/L
Ca2+ 0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L
K+ 135 - 150 mmol/L
Ca2+ 0.1 - 1.0 µmol/L
Card 3
Front
Extracellular fluid compartment Composition of human blood plasma: (mmol/L)
Back
Card 4
Front
Extracellular fluid compartment Composition of human blood plasma: (mmol/L)
Back
Card 5
Front
Parameters of blood
Back
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