physics

?
  • Created by: eden1
  • Created on: 11-05-15 17:06
what does temperature measure?
average kinetic energy of particles
1 of 68
what is the equation for specific heat capacity?
energy= mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change
2 of 68
the higher the specific heat capacity....
.... the more energy it takes to increase the the temperature/ more energy is released when it cools
3 of 68
what is the equation for specific latent heat?
energy= mass * specific latent heat
4 of 68
the higher the specific latent heat....
.... is a measure of the energy needed to break or form the bonds between the particles to change the state.
5 of 68
what happens to the temperature when something changes state?
it doesn't change
6 of 68
what happens to the infra-red radiation with shiny surfaces
the infra-red radiation is reflected
7 of 68
what happens to the infra-red radiation with dark/matte surfaces
the infra-red radiation is absorbed
8 of 68
what is conduction?
teh transfer of heat in solids/ transfer of kinetic energy through collisions between particles
9 of 68
what is convection?
(liquid and gas only) hot air expands, gets less dense, rises, cold air falls and replaces this, this heats up and the cycle continues (hot air that has risen, cools and falls)
10 of 68
what is radiation?
transfer of heat energy through the emissions of infra-red radiation
11 of 68
what is a good insulator?
trapped air
12 of 68
what prevents convection currents?
drought proofing
13 of 68
how to calculate efficiency?
efficiency= useful energy input/ total energy input
14 of 68
what is the trough of a wave
the lowest parts below the mean
15 of 68
what is the peak of a wave
the highest parts above the mean
16 of 68
what is the frequency of the wave
how many wavelengths pass a given point per second
17 of 68
how do elecrtomagnetic waves travel?
in a straight line
18 of 68
what is the wave equation?
wave speed= frequency * wavelength
19 of 68
what is refraction?
the changing of direction of the wave due to change of the optical density between two mediums
20 of 68
what is diffraction?
this is the spreading out of waves at an opening
21 of 68
how was light first used in communication
Morse code
22 of 68
what is total internal reflection?
occurs in an object where it continues to hit the surface of an optical fiber at too shallow an angle for it to refract out and continues to reflect along the fibre
23 of 68
what are laser beams?
the are coherent (same frequency/ all in phase with eachother and low divergence
24 of 68
how does infra-red help cook food?
infra-red is absorbed by the surface of the food and increases their kinetic energy. they are reflected by shiny surfaces.
25 of 68
how do microwaves help cook food?
microwaves are absorbed by water and fat- this leads to a gain in kinetic energy and therefore vibration. this causes heating to occur in the top 1cm of the food.
26 of 68
which carries more energy (microwaves or infra-red)
infra-red as it has a higher frequency
27 of 68
how to mobile phones use microwaves?
to send information wirelessly
28 of 68
how is infra-ref radiation used in TV remotes?
using digital signals in the form of pulses of light
29 of 68
what is the difference between digital and analogue signals?
analogue signals can have any amplitude whereas, Digital signals are either on or off
30 of 68
What is an advantage of wireless signals?
thy do not need a wire as they use electromagnetic radiation
31 of 68
what is long wave radiation?
it can be refracted at different layers of the atmosphere and reflected off the upper atmosphere back down to the earths surface.
32 of 68
what are shorter wavelengths
these can pass through the atmosphere, can be received by a satellite and re-transmitted down to the earth.
33 of 68
what is a seisometer?
this detects shock waves produced by the earth
34 of 68
what do earthquakes produce?
S-waves (transverse waves- travel through solids but not liquids and are slower than P-waves), and P-waves (longitudinal waves- travel through both solids and liquids)
35 of 68
what can exposure to UV radiation cause?
sun tan, sun burn, skin cancer, cataracts and premature skin aging.
36 of 68
what is SPF
sun protection factor (how many times longer you can be in the sun than without sunblock)
37 of 68
what do photocells do?
they convert light into electricity in the form of a direct current (DC)- renewable source of energy
38 of 68
what is DC current?
it travels in one direction only, all the way around in a circuit
39 of 68
how does the sun cause wind in the form of a current?
the suns lighjt can be absorbed buy the surface and converted into heat which knocks electrons out of the silicone atoms which can now flow freely in a current
40 of 68
what are the advantages of wind turbines?
they are renewable, and non-polluting
41 of 68
what are the disadvantages of wind turbines?
they are dependent on wind speed, large and an eyesore
42 of 68
how can you make a stronger current?
more coils, stronger magnet, faster movement
43 of 68
what current do generators produce?
alternating current
44 of 68
what currents do batteries produce?
Direct current
45 of 68
what are the greenhouse gases
carbon dioxide, methane and water
46 of 68
what is the greenhouse effect
the blanketing effect of gases in the atmosphere. most wavelengths emitted by the sun can pass through the atmosphere and get absorbed by the surface of the earth which heats up.
47 of 68
what causes global cooling
volcanic ash
48 of 68
what do power stations run from?
non- renewable fossil fuels, renewable biomass, and nuclear fuels
49 of 68
what are the advantages of off peak electricity?
it is cheaper with a lower demand
50 of 68
what are step up transformers used for?
increase the voltage and reduce the current
51 of 68
what are the step up transformers used for?
reduce the voltage and increase the current
52 of 68
radioactive materials give out nuclear radiation over time in the form of what?
alpha, beta and gamma radiation
53 of 68
where is alpha radiation used?
smoke detectors
54 of 68
where is beta radiation used?
in tracers and paper thickness gauges
55 of 68
where is gamma radiation used
treat cancers, in tracers and sterilizing equipment
56 of 68
what is penetrating power?
how far each radiation can travel into materials
57 of 68
what does the universe contain?
the universe contains galaxies, which contains stars, around which are planets, comets and meteors
58 of 68
what is nuclear fusion?
this is where stars emit their own light causing them to be so hot that they emit light in all wavelengths
59 of 68
how has the moon been created?
it is most probably the remnant of a collision between the earth and another planet.
60 of 68
what are asteroids?
they are rocks from space left over from the formation of the solar system lying between Jupiter and mars
61 of 68
what is a NEO?
a near earth object
62 of 68
what is the big bang theory?
how the universe started in an explosion and is still expanding today. most galaxies are moving away from us with the more distant galaxies moving away quicker.
63 of 68
what is red shift?
where the wavelength of light emitted by the galaxies becomes longer
64 of 68
what evidence do we have for the big bang theory?
we detect microwave radiation, the red shift
65 of 68
what is the life cycle of a smaller star?
small star- red giant- supernova- planetary nebula- white dwarf- black dwarf
66 of 68
what is the life cycle of a larger star?
large star- red super giant- supernova- neutron star/ black hole
67 of 68
what is the order of rays?
Radio waves, Microwaves, infra-red waves, visible waves, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma
68 of 68

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the equation for specific heat capacity?

Back

energy= mass * specific heat capacity * temperature change

Card 3

Front

the higher the specific heat capacity....

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the equation for specific latent heat?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

the higher the specific latent heat....

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Physics resources:

See all Physics resources »See all P1a- P2h resources »