Personality

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What is personality?
"Psychological qualities that contribute to an individual's enduring and distinctive patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving"
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WHat are the 4 key principles of personality?
Enduring, Distinct, Contribution, and Feelings/Thoughts/behaviour
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Define Enduring
Consistant across time and situations
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What does personality mean by distinctive?
Differentiates between individuals - no one person is the same
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What does contribution allow us to do?
Contribution to behaviour allows for collection of empirical data as well as theory building
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What is the importance of feelings/thoughts/behaving?
This takes into account the whole person, does not just consider one domain of their life
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What are the 3 layers of personality?
Dispositional traits, characteristic adaptations and self-narrative identities
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What are dispositional traits?
Broad and comparative tendencies or a behavioural signature. (Can be distated by genetic factors) E.G - You are very confident stepping out to take a penalty
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What are characteristic adaptations?
One's conscious goals and purposes. More flexible than dispositions. Shaped by environmental factors and experiences
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What is self-narrative identities?
Unfolding identities and self-stories. What is the athletes background/story? How do they identify/describe themself?
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Name 2 important things to consider in personality relationships?
1) Performance-focused theoretical basis: how might personality affect performance? 2) Main vs interactive effects: people are complex and so the personality-sport performance relationship is also complex.
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Name the big 5 personality dimensions:
Neuroticism (proneness to emotional instability), Extraversion (quality interpersonal interactions) Openness (seek out new experiences), Agreeableness (concern for cooperation/social harmony), Conscientiousness (organisation/goal-directed behaviour)
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Define Perfectionism
A multidimensional construct that is characterised by the setting of extremely high personal standards alongside harsh criticism of one's own behaviour
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What are the 2 dimensions of perfectionism?
1 - Perfectionism Striving (high personal standards and striving for perfection), 2 - Perfectionism concerns (highly critical self-evaluation)
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What is perfectionism striving associated with?
Greater performance, Olympic success, Confidence, effective coping, self-determined forms of motivation
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What is perfectionism striving combined with perfectionistic concerns assocaited with?
Burnout, The 'yips' (loss of fine motor skills), high anxiety, depression
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What is Dispositional Optimism and Hope, and how does it rate to sport?
It is defined as a generalised positive expectancy about life. Optimism is positively related to problem-focused coping and negativel related to avoidant coping strategies.
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Define Mental Toughness
"A stable of disposition that is associated with an ability to deal with a wide variety of stressors and obstacles, and yet still perform at a high level under pressure".
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What does Mental Toughness predict?
It predicts high level performance and is associated with Olympic success.
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What is the clinical definition of Narcissism?
"A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy"
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What is the subclinical definition?
"Associated with a grandiose, yet fragile, self-view and feelings of entitlement."
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Identify some aspects of a Narcissistic character?
They perform well in competitive, pressured settings, they prefer coach behaviours that focus on treating athletes as individuals, competiton and ego-involvement
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What is Alexithymia?
A trait deficit in emotional regulation. Characterised by the absence of words to express one's emotions. Typically viewed as a difficulty in acknowledging emotions and feelings together with an inability to express them to others.
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What do athletes with alexithymia engage in and why?
Tend to engage in risk-taking activities. The risk-taking environments allow the individual to experience, and subsequently to control, anxiety. e.g. Base-jumping, skydiving.
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What are the practical implications of personality profiling?
1) selection and deselection, 2) awareness of self and others, 3) support intra- and interpersonally
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

WHat are the 4 key principles of personality?

Back

Enduring, Distinct, Contribution, and Feelings/Thoughts/behaviour

Card 3

Front

Define Enduring

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does personality mean by distinctive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What does contribution allow us to do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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