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6. Descending pain control fibres release what to inhibit pain

  • g
  • opiates
  • opioids
  • g
  • g
  • NSAIDs

7. which part of brain mediates emotional component of pain

  • g
  • g
  • dorsal horn
  • Cingulate cortex
  • g
  • pre-frontal cortex

8. the angelic ladder mirrors what

  • g
  • g
  • g
  • pain pathway
  • cognition
  • hunger and grelin
  • memory

9. types of sensory receptors

  • g
  • g
  • g
  • mechanoreceptors
    thermoreceptors
    chemoreceptors
    Proprioceptors
    nociceptors
  • g
  • g
  • g

10. Step 1 of analgesic ladder?

  • strong opioids
  • g
  • tissue damage releases NSAIDs
  • g
  • tissue damage releases
  • g
  • mild opioids (eg codeine)

11. what do tricyclics inhibit the reuptake of?

  • adrenaline and norepinephrine
  • norepinephrine and serotonin
  • g
  • g
  • g
  • serotonin and adrenaline
  • serotonin and GABA

12. name 4 opioids

  • g
  • g
  • heroin, diamorphine, codeine paracetamol
  • g
  • heroin, diamorphine, codeine ibuprofen
  • diamorphine, naloxone, codine, nalorphine
  • heroin, diamorphine, nalorphine, lidocaine

13. /Pain is what

  • g
  • g
  • subjective response
    to a noxious stimulus
  • g
  • g
  • g
  • g

14. inhibiting Ca2+ channels in opioids receptors does what

  • g
  • g
  • decreases neurotransmitter release
  • g
  • increases neurotransmitter release

15. Sensation is what

  • g
  • g
  • g
  • nociception
    Nociceptors
    free nerve endings
  • g
  • g
  • g

16. Types of pain

  • g
  • g
  • Acute (physiological)
    Inflammatory (pathological)
    Neuropathic
  • g

17. name 2 types of Sensitization in the pain pathway

  • hyperalgesia
    allodynia
  • hyperalgesia
    sedation
  • g
  • analgesia
    allodynia
  • hyperalgesia
    analgesia
  • g
  • g

18. name a type of antidepressant (treatment of neurotic pain)

  • COX inhibitors
  • tricyclics
  • g
  • NSAIDS
  • g
  • g

19. how do opioids activate the descending pathway

  • g
  • gg
  • by inhibiting GABA release from INs in the PNG
  • g
  • by inhibiting glutamate release from INs in the PAG
  • by inhibiting GABA release from INs in the PAG
  • by inhibiting GABA release from ILP in the PAG

20. name some receptor antagonists that decrease excitation

  • g
  • g
  • 5-HT, PLK, AMPA,P2X
  • 5-HT, NMDA, AMPA,P2X
  • 5-HT, NMDA, AMPA,P2X, IL2
  • g
  • 5-HT, NMP, AMPA,P2X