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6. Descending pain control fibres release what to inhibit pain
- g
- opiates
- opioids
- g
- g
- NSAIDs
7. which part of brain mediates emotional component of pain
- g
- g
- dorsal horn
- Cingulate cortex
- g
- pre-frontal cortex
8. the angelic ladder mirrors what
- g
- g
- g
- pain pathway
- cognition
- hunger and grelin
- memory
9. types of sensory receptors
- g
- g
- g
- mechanoreceptors
thermoreceptors
chemoreceptors
Proprioceptors
nociceptors
- g
- g
- g
10. Step 1 of analgesic ladder?
- strong opioids
- g
- tissue damage releases NSAIDs
- g
- tissue damage releases
- g
- mild opioids (eg codeine)
11. what do tricyclics inhibit the reuptake of?
- adrenaline and norepinephrine
- norepinephrine and serotonin
- g
- g
- g
- serotonin and adrenaline
- serotonin and GABA
12. name 4 opioids
- g
- g
- heroin, diamorphine, codeine paracetamol
- g
- heroin, diamorphine, codeine ibuprofen
- diamorphine, naloxone, codine, nalorphine
- heroin, diamorphine, nalorphine, lidocaine
13. /Pain is what
- g
- g
- subjective response
to a noxious stimulus
- g
- g
- g
- g
14. inhibiting Ca2+ channels in opioids receptors does what
- g
- g
- decreases neurotransmitter release
- g
- increases neurotransmitter release
15. Sensation is what
- g
- g
- g
- nociception
Nociceptors
free nerve endings
- g
- g
- g
16. Types of pain
- g
- g
- Acute (physiological)
Inflammatory (pathological)
Neuropathic
- g
17. name 2 types of Sensitization in the pain pathway
- hyperalgesia
allodynia
- hyperalgesia
sedation
- g
- analgesia
allodynia
- hyperalgesia
analgesia
- g
- g
18. name a type of antidepressant (treatment of neurotic pain)
- COX inhibitors
- tricyclics
- g
- NSAIDS
- g
- g
19. how do opioids activate the descending pathway
- g
- gg
- by inhibiting GABA release from INs in the PNG
- g
- by inhibiting glutamate release from INs in the PAG
- by inhibiting GABA release from INs in the PAG
- by inhibiting GABA release from ILP in the PAG
20. name some receptor antagonists that decrease excitation
- g
- g
- 5-HT, PLK, AMPA,P2X
- 5-HT, NMDA, AMPA,P2X
- 5-HT, NMDA, AMPA,P2X, IL2
- g
- 5-HT, NMP, AMPA,P2X