P6 physics
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What is the equation for density?
Density = mass/volume
1 of 26
What are the symbols and units for
Density
Mass
Volume
Density
Mass
Volume
Density(P) - Kg/m³
Mass(M) - Kg
Volume(V) - m³
Mass(M) - Kg
Volume(V) - m³
2 of 26
Describe the three states of matter.
solid – Have a regular structure and the particles are packed closely together
so they have a definite shape. The particles are in a fixed position but do vibrate.
liquid – They have an irregular structure and the particles are close together.
They take t
so they have a definite shape. The particles are in a fixed position but do vibrate.
liquid – They have an irregular structure and the particles are close together.
They take t
3 of 26
Why is a change of state referred to as a physical change and not a chemical
change?
change?
If the changes are reversed then the material will recover its original properties.
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When substances change state, their mass is conserved. What does this mean?
The mass of the substance does not change once it has changed state.
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Describe how to determine the volume of a regularly shaped object.
width × length × height
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What is an internal system?
An internal system is one in which the energy is stored by the particles
within it.
within it.
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Define internal energy.
This is the total kinetic and potential energy of the particles that make up
that system.
that system.
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Factors that affect the increase of temperature of a system.
Mass of the substance.
Type of material being heated.
Energy input.
Type of material being heated.
Energy input.
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Explain the differences in the density of solids, liquids, and gases.
Solids are very dense because the particles are so closely packed together
and there are strong forces of attraction between them. Liquids are less
dense than solids, but denser than gases because the particles are very
close together and attract one anot
and there are strong forces of attraction between them. Liquids are less
dense than solids, but denser than gases because the particles are very
close together and attract one anot
10 of 26
Define specific heat capacity.
The amount of energy needed to cause a 1°C rise in 1kg of a substance.
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What is the equation linking change in thermal energy, mass, specific heat
capacity and temperature?
capacity and temperature?
change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
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Write the units and symbols for the following:
energy
mass
specific heat capacity
degree Celsius
temperature change:
energy
mass
specific heat capacity
degree Celsius
temperature change:
energy: (E), Joules, J
mass: (m), kilograms, kg
specific heat capacity: (c), Joules per kg per degree Celsius, J/kg oC
temperature change: (Δθ), degrees Celsius, oC
mass: (m), kilograms, kg
specific heat capacity: (c), Joules per kg per degree Celsius, J/kg oC
temperature change: (Δθ), degrees Celsius, oC
13 of 26
After a long journey, the temperature of a car tire increases. What is the effect on
the gas particles within the tire?
the gas particles within the tire?
The gas particles will gain more kinetic energy,
therefore they will move around more.
therefore they will move around more.
14 of 26
Describe the displacement technique used to determine the volume of an
irregularly shaped object.
irregularly shaped object.
Fill a displacement vessel/eureka can with water. Put the spout of the can
over a measuring cylinder. Put the irregularly shaped object into the can and
measure the volume of water displaced.
over a measuring cylinder. Put the irregularly shaped object into the can and
measure the volume of water displaced.
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Define latent heat.
Latent heat is the energy required for the change of state of a substance.
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What is the equation linking energy for a change of state, mass, and specific
latent heat?
latent heat?
Energy for a change of state = mass x specific latent heat
17 of 26
Write the symbol and unit for
specific latent heat.
specific latent heat.
(L), joules per kilogram, J/kg
18 of 26
Describe the difference between specific latent heat of fusion and specific latent
heat of vaporisation.
heat of vaporisation.
Specific latent heat of fusion is the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a
substance from a solid to a liquid with no change of temperature. Specific latent
heat of vaporisation is the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance
from liquid
substance from a solid to a liquid with no change of temperature. Specific latent
heat of vaporisation is the amount of energy needed to change 1kg of a substance
from liquid
19 of 26
Distinguish between specific heat capacity and specific latent heat.
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a substance, whereas specific latent heat is the energy needed to
change the state of a substance with no temperature change.
change the state of a substance with no temperature change.
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What is the equation that links pressure and volume?
Pressure x volume = constant
21 of 26
List the symbols and units for the following:
pressure
volume
pressure
volume
pressure: (ƿ), pascals, Pa
volume: (V), metres cubed, m3
volume: (V), metres cubed, m3
22 of 26
Explain the effect of an increase in temperature on the pressure of a gas in a
container.
container.
An increase in temperature causes more collisions of the gas particles with the
walls of the container. This causes an increase in the force on the walls of the
container over a particular area and so increases the pressure.
walls of the container. This causes an increase in the force on the walls of the
container over a particular area and so increases the pressure.
23 of 26
Explain the effect of an increase of volume on pressure.
An increase in volume causes the particles to spread out more and so the number
of collisions on the walls of the container decreases. So, there is less force exerted
on the container over a certain area and therefore a lower pressure.
of collisions on the walls of the container decreases. So, there is less force exerted
on the container over a certain area and therefore a lower pressure.
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When work is done on the gas, what effect is there on the internal energy of
the gas?
the gas?
The internal energy of the gas increases.
25 of 26
When work is done on a gas what effect can there be on the temperature of the
gas?
gas?
The temperature can increase.
26 of 26
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the symbols and units for
Density
Mass
Volume
Density
Mass
Volume
Back
Density(P) - Kg/m³
Mass(M) - Kg
Volume(V) - m³
Mass(M) - Kg
Volume(V) - m³
Card 3
Front
Describe the three states of matter.
Back
Card 4
Front
Why is a change of state referred to as a physical change and not a chemical
change?
change?
Back
Card 5
Front
When substances change state, their mass is conserved. What does this mean?
Back
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