P12.

What do waves transfer?

They transfer energy.

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What do waves NOT transfer?

No matter.

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What two things do waves transfer?

Energy and information.

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What is the direction the wave travels the same as?

The direction that it transfer energy in.

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What do particles in a wave do around a point?

Oscillate to and fro.

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Do waves travel as a whole unit or in separate particles?

In s whole unit.

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Name an example of a transverse wave?

A water wave.

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Complete the sentence: the direction of the particles in a transverse wave is....

Perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels.

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Name an example of a longitudinal wave?

A sound wave.

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Complete the sentence: for a longitudinal wave, the direction, of the vibration of the particles...

Is parallel to the direction in which the wave travels.

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What two things is a longitudinal wave made up of?

Compressions and rarefactions.

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What do mechanical waves do?

Travel through a medium.

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Name two examples of mechanical waves.

Waves on springs and sound waves.

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What can electromagnetic waves do?

Travel through a vacuum.

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Name two examples of electromagnetic waves.

Light waves and radio waves.

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What are all electromagnetic waves?

Transverse waves.

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What two types of wave can mechanical waves be?

Transverse or longitudinal.

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What is the amplitude of a wave?

The height of the wave crest/the depth of the wave trough from its midpoint.

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Complete the sentence: the greater the amplitude of a wave...

The more energy that it carries.

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What is the wavelength of a wave?

It is the distance from one crest to the next one/from one trough to the next one.

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What is the frequency of a wave?

It is the number of wave crests passing a point in one second.

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What is the unit of frequency?

Hertz (Hz.)

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What is hertz equal to?

Waves per second (/s.)

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What is the period of a wave?

It is the time it takes for one wavelength to pass a certain point.

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What is the wavelength of a longitudinal wave?

It is the distance from the middle of one compression/rarefaction one middle of the next compression/rarefaction.

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What is the frequency of a longitudinal wave?

It is the number if compressions passing a point in one second.

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What is sound caused by?

Mechanical vibrations in a substance.

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What doe sound travel as?

As a wave.

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What can sound waves NOT travel through? How can this be tested? What will be heard?

A vacuum. This can be tested by placing a ringing bell in a bell jar. A lowering sound a air is pumped from the jar.

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What produces an echo?

A reflection of a sound wave from hard and fast surfaces.

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How can the behaviour of waves be investigated in a classroom?

By using water in a ripple tank.

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What are incident wave?

Waves travelling towards a barrier or boundary.

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What happens when a barrier is placed in a ripple tank?

Reflection takes place at the barrier.

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How does the reflected wavefrontmove away from the barrier?

At the same angleto the barrier as the incident wavefront.

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What two things change for a wave when they pass between two mediums?

The speed and wavelength.

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How can different mediums be created in a ripple tank?

Through the use of shallow and deep water.

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What happens if the wave does NOT meet the barrier at a right angle? What is this/

The change in speed causes a change in direction. Refraction,.

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What three things can happen when a wave meets a different substance?

They are: totallyor partially reflected, transmitted through the substance and/or absorbed by the substance.

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What does the pitch of a note depend on?

The frequncy of the sound wave.

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What does volume depend on?

The amplitude of the sound wave.

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Why is it that a greater amplitude produces a louder sound?

As the wave carries more energy, making the sound louder.

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What do sound waves do when they reach the ear?

They make the eardrum vibrate.

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What do the vibrations in the ear drum do?

Send electrical impulses to the brain.

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What is the range of human hearing?

20Hz lto 20kHz.

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What happens to the range of human hearing as age increases?

It becomaes narrower.

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