a type of stereoisomerism in which different groups attached to each carbon of a C=C double bond may be arranged differently in space because of the restricted rotation of the C=C bond
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What is homolytic fission?
the breaking of a covalent bond, with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom, forming two radicals.
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What is hetrolytic fission?
the breaking of a covalent bond, with both of the bonded electrons going to one of the atoms forming a positive ion and a negative ion.
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What is a radical?
a species with an unpaired electron
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What are: 1- an addition reaction + 2- a subsitution reaction?
1- a reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule forming one product. 2- a reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom/group of atoms forming two products.
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What is the difference between an electrophile and a nucleophile?
Nucleophiles donate an electron pair and a electrophile accepts a pair of electrons.
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What is the effective of chain length on boiling point?
As the chain length increases there are more points of contact leading to more van der waal forces between the molecules so the boiling point increases.
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What is the effective of branching on boiling point?
Branched molecules have fewer points of contact and are further apart than unbranched molecules so there are fewer intermolecular forces so has a lower boiling point.
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What is a pi-bond?
the reactive part of a double bond formed above and below the plane of the bonded atoms by sideways overlap of p-orbitals.
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Describe the shape of an alkene.
It has three regions of electron density surrounding each carbon atom in double bond. Pairs of electrons repel to give a trigonal planar shape with 120* bond angles.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a homologous series?
Back
Is a series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differeing by CH2
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