Organic Chemistry

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  • Created by: 3mily05
  • Created on: 28-01-20 17:04
Carboxylic acids:
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Functional group
-CHHO
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Properties of carboxylic acids
Dissolve in water and pH 4-6 (weakly acidic)
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Reactions with carbonates
Carboxylic acid + metal carbonate - salt + water + carbon dioxide and Ethanolic acid + copper carbonate - copper ethanol + water+ carbon dioxide
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Methanoic acid - Molecular formula
CHOOH
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Ethanoic acid - Molecular formula
CH3COOH
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Propanoic acid - Molecular formula
C2H5COOH
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Butanoic acid - Molecular formula
C3H7COOH
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Esters:
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Functional group
-COO-
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Reaction to make an ester
Alcohol + carboxylic acid  ester + water An acid catalyst is needed (e.g. sulphuric acid)
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Uses
Perfume (pleasant smelling), flavourings
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Example Reaction
Ethanoic acid + ethanol - ethyl ethonate + water
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Synthetic and naturally occurring polymers:
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Monomer
A small molecule that joins together to make a Polymer.
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Polymer
A long chain molecule made of many monomers.
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Synthetic
Man made
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DNA
Deoxyribosenucleic acid. Natural polymer that codes genetic instructions. Formed of nucleotides in a double helix.
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Cellulose
Natural polymer made from glucose. Use in plant cell walls.
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Starch
Natural polymer made from glucose. Use in plant cells as a food store.
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Protein
Natural polymer made of amino acids. Used for growth and repair in cells. Also called a polypeptide.
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Addition Polymerisation
Many monomers covalently bond together to form a long chain polymer.
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Condensation Polymer
Two Monomers with two functional groups joining together to make a long chain polymer. As the monomers join small molecules are released, usually water (hence condensation polymer).
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Themosoftening Polymer
Made up of individual polymer chains that are not joined together but are tangled. They can melt when heated.
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Thermosetting Polymer
Made of polymer chains that are cross linked (strong covalent bonds between the chains). When heated they do not melt.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Functional group

Back

-CHHO

Card 3

Front

Properties of carboxylic acids

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Reactions with carbonates

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Methanoic acid - Molecular formula

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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