Non-renewable resource - a mixture of large compounds mainly hydrocarbons - made of the ancient remains of sea creature
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what is a hydrocarbon
molecules made from hydrogen and carbon
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what is the general formula for alkanes
CnH(2n+2)
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what are the first 4 alkanes
methane, ethane, propane, butane
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properties of hydrocarbons
the longer the molecules the higher the boiling point as it contains more atoms the longer the molecules the higher the viscosity the longer the molecules the less flammable the longer the molecules the less volatile how quick it can turn into a gas
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what is combustion
is a reaction in which fuels burn in oxygen, when hydrocarbons react they always produce carbon dioxide and water
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what is incomplete combustion
is a combustion reaction in which there is not enough oxygen for the fuel to burn completely
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why is incomplete combustion dangerous
it is dangerous because the carbon monoxide can bind to the haemoglobin which will starve your body of oxygen
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what is cracking
is a method used to break long chain alkanes into shorter chains alkanes and alkenes
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what are alkenes
alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons which have at least one carbon -carbon bond. they are more reactive than alkanes as more atoms can easily be added to the double bond
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what is the general formula for alkenes
CnH2n
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what are the two methods of Cracking
catalytic cracking and steam cracking
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what is the test for Alkenes
Bromine water - bromine only reacts with alkene - orange bromine turns colourless
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what are the first alkenes
ethene, propene, butene
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what are alcohols
are organic molecules which contain the functonal group -OH
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what is the general formula for alcohols
CnH(2n+2)O or CnH(2n+1)OH
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what are the first 4 alcohols
methanol,ethanol, butanol, pentanol
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what are the main uses of Alcohols
biofuels - spirit burners industry, some cars, solvents - perfume and mouthwash, alcoholic drinks
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