A negative externality as it has an effect on third parties. It both adds to the issue of climate change and can create external costs for the community - those with asthma
2 of 7
Noise
Prevalent with air and road travel; impacts on concentration and relaxation of those in the area; aircraft worse because it isn't continuous adding pressure; can devalue houses in those areas; major reason against third runway at Heathrow
3 of 7
Accidents
Despite rise in traffic, fatality rates have fallen; however, they still occur and external costs arise - the family, emergency services, increased congestion, damage to vehicles and property and police time
4 of 7
Congestion
Demand is greater than supply; journey times are greater than expected; cost of making a journey is greater; vehicle emissions are more extensive - pollution; for freight more vehicles may be required to carry out the job; adds to stress of travel
5 of 7
Visual Intrusion
Through the provision of transport the quality of urban/'rural landscape is compromised; problem in historic cities; devalues area
6 of 7
Blight
Consequence of poor, unsympathetic planning; neighbourhoods fall into disrepair over plans to build a new road; constructing near buildings can cause deterioration in the physical character of an area
7 of 7
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A negative externality as it has an effect on third parties. It both adds to the issue of climate change and can create external costs for the community - those with asthma
Back
Atmospheric Pollution
Card 3
Front
Prevalent with air and road travel; impacts on concentration and relaxation of those in the area; aircraft worse because it isn't continuous adding pressure; can devalue houses in those areas; major reason against third runway at Heathrow
Back
Card 4
Front
Despite rise in traffic, fatality rates have fallen; however, they still occur and external costs arise - the family, emergency services, increased congestion, damage to vehicles and property and police time
Back
Card 5
Front
Demand is greater than supply; journey times are greater than expected; cost of making a journey is greater; vehicle emissions are more extensive - pollution; for freight more vehicles may be required to carry out the job; adds to stress of travel
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