Is a protein found in the blood. It is made up of haems. The structure of haemoglobin give blood the its red colour. When it is oxygenated it is bright red and de-oxygenated it is a deep red (not blue).
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Haemoglobin and iron
Iron is contained in haemoglobin- this helps with the red colour.
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Crustations, Octopi and Squid...
Blood is colourless when de-oxygenated. Blue blooded when the blood is oxygenated. (Haemocyanin)
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Marine worms (peanut worms), brachiopods...
Violet blooded- haemorythrin- a quarter as efficient as haemoglobin. Violet pink when oxygenated and colourless when de-oxygenated.
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Segmented worms, leeches, marine worms...
Chlorocruorin- chemically similar to haemoglobin. Light green when de-oxygenated and green when oxygenated. Can be light red in areas of high oxygen (similar to haemoglobin)
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Haemonglobins
Chemically similar molecules. Transport oxygen around the body. Haemoglobin in humans- great at transporting oxygen- will choose to transport carbon monoxide rather than oxygen if available.
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Carbon Monoxide poisoning
Carbon monoxide sticks to haemoglobin (carbon monoxide poisoning) so the haemoglobin cannot transport the oxygen.
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Different types of Haemglobins
Due to slightly different orders of amino acids- different tertiary and Quaternary structures
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Binding to oxygen
They will bind to oxygen in different ways.
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Why is Haemoglobin important to humans?
Haemoglobin is essential for human function as its transports oxygen around the body and humans need oxygen to survive.
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Veins
Veins go back to the heart. They have bigger lumens than the arteries as they don't need as high a BP but they have valves so that the blood doesn't flow backwards. They aren't as rubbery- don't need to be- don't take a lot of force.
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Capillaries
Blood vessels that are a single cell wide- small distance for oxygen to travel to get to muscles.
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Arteries
The first blood vessel. Arteries are thick blood vessels. rubbery muscles (don't break). Thin elastic walls and small lumen. Small lumen to keep high blood pressure (BP)- constant supply of oxygen to the muscles.
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Arteries 2
Always move away from the heart. This is why they are so big.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Iron is contained in haemoglobin- this helps with the red colour.
Back
Haemoglobin and iron
Card 3
Front
Blood is colourless when de-oxygenated. Blue blooded when the blood is oxygenated. (Haemocyanin)
Back
Card 4
Front
Violet blooded- haemorythrin- a quarter as efficient as haemoglobin. Violet pink when oxygenated and colourless when de-oxygenated.
Back
Card 5
Front
Chlorocruorin- chemically similar to haemoglobin. Light green when de-oxygenated and green when oxygenated. Can be light red in areas of high oxygen (similar to haemoglobin)
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