Models Of Memory

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  • Created by: Shed16705
  • Created on: 03-03-22 11:26
Multi Store Model Of Memory
3 stores of memory that are linked by the processes that enable transfer of information from one store to the next.
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Sensory Register
The place where information is held at each of the senses. They have a very large capacity and are constantly receiving information but most of it is ignored.
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Attention
If a person's attention is focused on one of the memory stores, the data is transferred to short-term memory.
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Short-Term Memory
Information held in STM can be used for immediate tasks.
Limited duration. Will decay if not rehearsed (Maintenance Rehearsal).
STM also has limited capacity. Information will disappear if new information enters.
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Maintenance Rehearsal
Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a direct relationship between rehearsal in STM and the strength of the LTM - The more information is rehearsed, the better it is remembered.
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Long-Term Memory
Potentially unlimited duration and capacity.
The evidence suggests, if you can't remember something, you never really learned it in the first place or you just can't find it.
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Retrieval
The process of getting information from LTM involves it passing back through STM. It is then available for use.
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E: Supporting evidence from lab studies on capacity, duration and coding suggest the existence of a separate short- and long-term memory stores
Brain scanning techniques.
Beardsley (1997) - found the prefrontal cortex was active during STM but not LTM.
Squire et al. (1992) - found the hippocampus is active during LTM.
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E: Case studies of individuals with brain damage have shown different areas are involved in STM and LTM
Scoville and Milner (1957) - HM had both of his hippocampi removed to treat his severe epilepsy. His personality and intellect remained intact but he could not form new LTMs. He could remember things from before the surgery.
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E: The MSM suggests both the STM and LTM are unitary stores. However, research does not support this
The WMM and its supporting research show that STM is divided into a number of qualitatively different stores. Also shows there are a number of qualitatively different kinds of LTM.
e.g. Maintenance rehearsal can explain semantic memories but not episodic
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The place where information is held at each of the senses. They have a very large capacity and are constantly receiving information but most of it is ignored.

Back

Sensory Register

Card 3

Front

If a person's attention is focused on one of the memory stores, the data is transferred to short-term memory.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Information held in STM can be used for immediate tasks.
Limited duration. Will decay if not rehearsed (Maintenance Rehearsal).
STM also has limited capacity. Information will disappear if new information enters.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a direct relationship between rehearsal in STM and the strength of the LTM - The more information is rehearsed, the better it is remembered.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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