Back to quiz

6. Which of these definitions is not correct?

  • Nonsense - premature stop codon
  • Insertion/Deletion - frameshift
  • Transition - change in base (ie purine to pyrimidine base)
  • Missense - substitution

7. What's the difference between cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation?

  • There is no difference
  • Two separate photosystems are used in non-cyclic whereas the electrons are recycled when the need for ATP exceeds the need for NADPH in cyclic.
  • Two separate photosystems are used in cyclic whereas the electrons are recycled when the need for ATP exceeds the need for NADPH in non-cyclic.
  • Non-cyclic is only used once whereas cyclic can be used infinitely

8. What are the two types of fermentation?

  • Oxygenic (Streptococcus) and Anoxygenic (yeast)
  • None of the above
  • Lactic acid (Streptococcus) and Alcohol (yeast)
  • Lactic acid (Streptococcus) and Hydrochloric Acid (yeast)

9. Which of these definitions is INCORRECT?

  • None of the above
  • Dissimilation - N retention, produces NH4+
  • Denitrification - N retention, produces NH4+
  • Denitrification - N removal, produces N2

10. True or false: An ecosystem is a dynamic complex including plant, animal and microbial communities and abiotic factors

  • True
  • False

11. Which bacteria are particularly prevalent in the GI tract (causing disease)?

  • Yersinia pestis and N. gonorrhea
  • Helicobacter, Clostridium and Escherichia
  • Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
  • None of the above

12. Which of these is NOT a unique feature of SARS-CoV-2

  • Receptor-binding domain with different amino acids to produce a polybasic cleavage site (no DNA lost in priming)
  • Has less amino acids than other viruses related to it
  • "Crown"-like shape with S1 + S2 spike
  • S protein to bind to ACE-2 receptor and release TMPRSS2 (protease release)

13. Which protists are capable of photosynthesis?

  • None of the above
  • Plant-like algae (ie kelp/brown algae)
  • Fungus-like H2O molds (ie Oomycetes)
  • Animal-like protozoans (ie Giardia)

14. Which of these are a method of replication in bacteria?

  • Rolling Circle and Bidirectional Replication
  • Rolling Circle Replication
  • Bidirectional Replication
  • None of the above

15. To create biofilm, what are the steps IN ORDER?

  • Irreversible adhesion (EPS secretion), active dispersal, colonisation, reversible adhesion (planktonic bacteria)
  • Reversible adhesion (planktonic bacteria), colonisation, active dispersal, irreversible adhesion (EPS secretion)
  • Reversible adhesion (planktonic bacteria), irreversible adhesion (EPS secretion), colonisation, active dispersal
  • Colonisation, reversible adhesion (planktonic bacteria), active dispersal, irreversible adhesion (EPS secretion)

16. Which of these is incorrect regarding integration and bacterial genetics?

  • The Hfr cell is the donor and the F+ plasmid is the recipient
  • The Hfr cell is the donor and the F- plasmid is the recipient
  • Contact is needed for conjugation
  • DNA transfer is at the oriT site and the strand often breaks

17. What is considered a type of mutation?

  • All of the above
  • Spontaneous
  • Transition
  • Transversion

18. Which bacteria is present in the oral cavity?

  • Staphylococcus aureus (several)
  • Escherichia coli (cramps)
  • Fuscobacterium spp. (dental plaque)
  • Propionibacterium acnes (acne)

19. What are the three stages of the Calvin Cycle?

  • Fixation, Decarboxlation, Redox
  • Reduction, Oxidation, Fixation
  • Fixation (RuBP+CO2->PGA), Reduction (3-PGA->G3P) and Regeneration (G3P+6ATP->RuBP)
  • Decarboxylation, Redox and Substrate-Level Phosphorylation

20. What makes pUC19 a good cloning vector?

  • It's stable and easy to amplify
  • All of the above
  • It's small and malleable
  • Its complete sequence is known, so cloning sites are easy to detect