Memory

STM

LTM

DURATION

CAPACITY

ENCODING

ACCURACY OF EWT

EWT: AGE & ANXIETY

COGNITIVE

MEMORY IMPROVEMENT

?
STM
Memories that don't last very long
1 of 18
LTM
Memories that last anywhere from 2 hours to 100 years
2 of 18
Duration
How long a memory lasts
3 of 18
Capacity
Measure of how much can be held in memory
4 of 18
Encoding
The way information is changed so that it can be stored in memory
5 of 18
Loftus & Palmer (1974)
45 students shown 7 films of different traffic accidents, after each video they were given a questionnaire - smashed = 40.8, contacted = 31.8
6 of 18
Deffenbacher et al (2004)
Meta-analysis of 18 studies - high levels of stress negatively impact the EWT.
7 of 18
Christianson & Hubbinette (1993)
Questioned 58 real witnesses to bank robberies - found that those under stress were more accurate in their recall
8 of 18
Loftus et al
Weapon focus effect - 2 conditions = 49% were accurate without weapon, 33% with weapon
9 of 18
Yarmey (1993)
Stopped 651 adults asking them to recall physical characteristics of young women seen 2 minutes earlier - 18-29 & 30-44 were more confident than 45-65
10 of 18
Parker & Carranza (1989)
Compared primary and college children in ability to correctly identify a target individual after watching a mock crime
11 of 18
Cognitive interview
Police technique for interviewing witnesses to a crime, which encourages them to recreate the original context
12 of 18
Acronyms
Word or sentence is formed from he initial letters of other words
13 of 18
Acrostic
Poem or sentence where the first letter of each line or word forms the item to be remebred
14 of 18
Rhymes
Groups of words with an identity and rhythm
15 of 18
Chunking
Dividing a long string of information into memorable chunks
16 of 18
Method of loci
Associating parts of the material to be recalled with different places in the order that they are to be recalled
17 of 18
Diagrams & mindmaps
Making notes of information in the form of a drawing, usual in a branching pattern, with the main topic in the centre
18 of 18

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

LTM

Back

Memories that last anywhere from 2 hours to 100 years

Card 3

Front

Duration

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Capacity

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Encoding

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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