Memory
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- Created by: luceprobinson
- Created on: 14-03-21 14:35
Who investigated into the duration of STM?
Peterson and Peterson
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What was the study conducted for duration of STM?
showed alphabetical trigram, then count backwards from a hundred in intervals of 3, then recall the trigram
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What were the results of the STM duration study?
80% of participants could recall trigrams after 3 seconds; only 10% of participants could recall trigrams after 18 seconds
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Who investigated the duration of LTM?
Bahrick et al
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Describe the duration LTM study
got participants to name every classmate in graduation photos, 90% accuracy when 14 years after graduation, 60% accuracy when 48 years after.
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what is the duration of memory in the sensory register?
millieseconds
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give 3 evaluation points for the duration of STM
- high ecological validity in Bahrick's study
- use of artificial tasks in P+P's study
- P+P study may be measuring displacement
- use of artificial tasks in P+P's study
- P+P study may be measuring displacement
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what are the 3 types of long term memory?
Procedural, semantic and episodic
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what are episodic memories?
memories that are time-stamped and contain emotional value
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what are semantic memories?
memory of factual information and knowledge that isn't time-stamped
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what are procedural memories?
memories as actions and skills, required from practice/repetition
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what is the difference between semantic/episodic memories and procedural memories?
semantic/procedural require conscious recall whereas procedural is unconscious
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Name all 4 evaluation points for types long term memory
+ brain scan support (diff parts active shows separation)
+ Clive wearing piano case study
- issues with case studies
+ RWA - specific treatments
+ Clive wearing piano case study
- issues with case studies
+ RWA - specific treatments
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what are the 2 types of forgetting?
retrieval failure and interference
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name the 2 types of retrieval failure
state-dependent and context-dependent
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Define what a cue is
a trigger of information that allows us to access a memory
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The theory that a cue has to be present at both encoding and recall is called what?
Encoding specificity principle (by Tulving)
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who conducted the context-dependent forgetting study?
Godden and Baddedly (scuba diver recall)
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who conducted the state-dependent forgetting study?
Cassady and Carter (anti-hestemines)
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define interference
a memory disrupts the ability to recall another memory
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name the 2 types of interference
retroactive and proactive
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define retroactive interference
where new memories disrupt old memories
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define proactive interference
where old memories disrupt new memories
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who and what was the proactive interference study?
Underwood
memorised 10+ original lists, 24 hrs later memorised 10+ new lists (better recall of new lists)
memorised 10+ original lists, 24 hrs later memorised 10+ new lists (better recall of new lists)
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who and what was the retroactive interference study?
Muller (yohgurt) and Pillzecker
learn syllables, complete separate task, recall the syllables
learn syllables, complete separate task, recall the syllables
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what would be the research support evaluation point for interference?
Baddedly and Hitch - rugby players, those who played more matches had poorer recall
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what would be the RWA for interference?
competing adverts to hinder recall of their competitors
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who devised the cognitive interview?
Geiselman and Fisher
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Name 2 characteristics of the standard interview
- interviewer does most of the talking
- asks specific questions (usually requiring a specific response)
- asks specific questions (usually requiring a specific response)
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Name all 4 components of the cognitive interview
1. report everything
2. reverse order
3. change perspective
4. mental reinstatement of the original context (recreation)
2. reverse order
3. change perspective
4. mental reinstatement of the original context (recreation)
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what is the enhanced cognitive interview?
focuses more on what interviewer should do and emphasised effective and required skills
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give 2 examples of skills interviewers in the enhanced cognitive interview should possess
- building rapport
- asking open questions
- asking open questions
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give 4 evaluation points for the cognitive interview
+ research support {34% correct recall increase}
- time consuming
- it increases both correct and incorrect info
- cant establish effectiveness as not every force use it
- time consuming
- it increases both correct and incorrect info
- cant establish effectiveness as not every force use it
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What was the study conducted for duration of STM?
Back
showed alphabetical trigram, then count backwards from a hundred in intervals of 3, then recall the trigram
Card 3
Front
What were the results of the STM duration study?
Back
Card 4
Front
Who investigated the duration of LTM?
Back
Card 5
Front
Describe the duration LTM study
Back
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