Marketisation
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- Created by: ssaidi23
- Created on: 14-04-22 12:08
Who brought marketisation into schools in Britain
New Right
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What act links with marketisation
The Education Act 1988
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How are standards raised
Through marketisation
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5 policies that create an education market
- League tables
- OFSTED
- Formula funding
- Open enrolment
- OFSTED
- Formula funding
- Open enrolment
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How was marketisation achieved through standardised tests
Gave schools a basis for comparison
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How was marketisation achieved through national curriculum
All students to study the same content
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How was marketisation achieved through league tables
Schools ranked against each other
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How was marketisation achieved through formula funding
Schools funding based on number of pupils
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How was marketisation achieved through open enrolment
Parents had a choice of where to send children
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Who talks about parentocracy 'rule by parents' and what does it encourage
David (1993)
- Power shifts from the teachers to the parents (consumers)
- Diversity among schools and gives parents more choice and raises standards
- Power shifts from the teachers to the parents (consumers)
- Diversity among schools and gives parents more choice and raises standards
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What policy is this?
Has led to 'cream skimming' and schools setting their own selection criteria. Detrimental for lower classes and ethnic minorities
Has led to 'cream skimming' and schools setting their own selection criteria. Detrimental for lower classes and ethnic minorities
League tables and OFSTED
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What policy is this?
Underperforming schools get less money, hard to compete with schools who are high in the league table who have more students and more £ to spend on teaching and resources
Underperforming schools get less money, hard to compete with schools who are high in the league table who have more students and more £ to spend on teaching and resources
Formula funding
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What policy is this?
Popular schools tended to be oversubscribed, so many still do not get their first choice - middle class then had to manipulate the system to their advantage
Popular schools tended to be oversubscribed, so many still do not get their first choice - middle class then had to manipulate the system to their advantage
Open enrolment (go out of catchment areas)
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What policy is this?
Identify a 'myth of meritocracy' can use Gewirtz view of types of parents, he gathered this through with parents. eg. privileged skills choosers, disconnected-local choosers and semi-skilled choosers
Identify a 'myth of meritocracy' can use Gewirtz view of types of parents, he gathered this through with parents. eg. privileged skills choosers, disconnected-local choosers and semi-skilled choosers
Open enrolment (go out of catchment areas)
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Who criticised league tables for driving/contributing to 'A-C economy'
Gillborn with the 'educational triage'
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What is the educational triage
- Students achieving grades A-C were considered 'definite' pass and were left alone
- Students achieving borderline B/C were focused on to boost their league table position
- Students who weren't achieving 'good' grades and seen as 'hopeless cases' were l
- Students achieving borderline B/C were focused on to boost their league table position
- Students who weren't achieving 'good' grades and seen as 'hopeless cases' were l
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Who did a study on 14 London secondary schools
Gewirtz (1995)
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What were the three types of parents she found
- Privileged-skilled choosers
- Disconnected-local choosers
- Semi-skilled choosers
- Disconnected-local choosers
- Semi-skilled choosers
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Who are privileged-skilled choosers
Mainly professional middle-class parents who used their economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children
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How do these parents possess cultural capital
- They know how the school admissions system works
- for example the importance of putting a particular school as first choice.
- They had time to visit schools and the skills to research the options available
- for example the importance of putting a particular school as first choice.
- They had time to visit schools and the skills to research the options available
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Who are disconnected-local choosers
Working class parents who choices were restricted by their lack of economic and cultural capital
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What were major restrictions for working class parent's choices
- Distance and cost of travel restricted choice of school.
- Their funds were limited
- A place at the nearest school was often their only realistic option for children
- Their funds were limited
- A place at the nearest school was often their only realistic option for children
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Who are semi-skilled choosers
Mainly working class but they were ambitious for their children.
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What did semi-skilled choosers often do
Found it difficult to make sense of the education market so often relied on other people's opinion about schools.
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What was the conclusion of parental choice
In theory, the educational market gives everyone greater choice
Gewirtz says middle-class parents possess cultural and economic capital and have more choice than working class
Gewirtz says middle-class parents possess cultural and economic capital and have more choice than working class
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What does the policy of 'publishing each school's exam results in a league table' ensure...
that the schools which achieve good results are more in demand because parents are attracted to those with good league table rankings.
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What does Will Bartlett say this encourages
cream-skimming and silt-shifting
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What is cream-skimming
'Good' schools can be more selective, choose their own customers and recruit high achieving mainly middle class pupils. These pupils gain an advantage.
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What is silt-shifting
'Good' schools can avoid taking less able pupils who are likely to get poor results and damage the schools league table.
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What is a result of schools getting better funds (funding formula)
Can afford better-qualified teachers and better facilities. Popularity allows them to be more selective and attract more able applicants
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What act links with marketisation
Back
The Education Act 1988
Card 3
Front
How are standards raised
Back
Card 4
Front
5 policies that create an education market
Back
Card 5
Front
How was marketisation achieved through standardised tests
Back
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