(of a fish such as the salmon) migrating up rivers from the sea to spawn (10)
a decrease in the energy of light due to the adsorption and scattering in the water column (11)
A neutral substitute for “community” but implying no necessary interrelationships among species; also called species assemblage. (10)
requiring a specific growth substance beyond the minimum required for normal metabolism and reproduction by the parental or wild-type strain auxotrophic mutants of bacteria. (11)
Reworking of the sediment by waves and currents. (11)
the opposite of depressions - they are an area of high atmospheric pressure where the air is sinking. (12)
The part of the water column where light does not penetrate. (7, 4)
The process through which species arise while separated geographically. (10, 10)
water column between 4000m - 6000m (13)
without air' and refers to the body producing energy without oxygen. (9)
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