Lipids 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiochemistryUniversityNone Created by: TaraCBeckworthCreated on: 25-08-18 21:18 Give a few uses for fatty acids Buoyancy, insulation, membranes, metabolic control, food oils etc 1 of 24 What is adipose? A particular type of fatty acid in animal tissues used as an energy store, insulation and protection of organs 2 of 24 Describe the structure of fatty acids Hydrocarbon tail (Only H&C, non-polar), Carboxyl group/head (2 polar groups), 2 types of fatty acid, long tailed and short tailed 3 of 24 Short hydrocarbon tail 2-5C molecules, volatile (easily evaporated), produced by microbes (fermentation), miscible in water, weak acids 4 of 24 2C short tail FA Acetic acid, CH3COOH 5 of 24 3C STFA Propionic acid, CH3CH2COOH 6 of 24 4C STFA Butyric acid, CH3(CH2)2 COOH 7 of 24 5C STFA Valeric acid, CH3 (CH2)3 COOH 8 of 24 Long chain fatty acids 5C atoms (Naturally occurring LCFA only have even numbers of carbon atoms), 2 types saturated and unsaturated 9 of 24 Saturated fatty acids CH3(CH2)n COOH, the longer the tail the more interactions, increasing melting point as the chain gets longer 10 of 24 Hexadecanoic acid Palmitic acid, 16 carbon, 60.7C melting point 11 of 24 Octadecanic acid Stearic acid,. 18 carbon, 69.6C melting point 12 of 24 Unsaturated fatty acids Contain 1 or more C=C bond (Double carbon bond) 13 of 24 What happens when fatty acids are reacted with alcohol? Condensation reaction, forms esters 14 of 24 What is the reverse reaction to reacting the fatty acids with alcohol? Hydrolysis reaction 15 of 24 What type of reaction happens when fatty acids are reacted with NaOH? Saponification 16 of 24 Hydrolysis The breaking of a covalent bond with the addition of water, essential reaction before energy can be obtained, catalysed by lipase enzymes 17 of 24 Saponification Formation of soap by heating a triacylglycerol with an alkali 18 of 24 Saponification value How many mg of KOH is required to saponify 1g of oil or fat 19 of 24 High saponification value High proportion of shorter chain FA's 20 of 24 Low saponification value High proportion of longer chain FA's 21 of 24 Iodination Iodine reacts with the double bonds in unsaturated HC atoms 22 of 24 High iodine number High proportion of unsaturated FA's 23 of 24 Low iodine number High proportion of saturated FA's 24 of 24
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