Life After Death

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What is life after death?
some philosophers would say that personal identity is linked to ones body - a person who believes in resurrection could hold this view. For others it might be the mind that secures personal identity, rebirth
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What are dualists?
mind and soul are separate from the body - PLATO and DESCARTES believed this
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What did Descartes say?
'I think therefore I am'
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Why is a dualist approach credible?
out of body experiences/ near death experiences
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What is a Monist?
Mind and soul are TOGETHER - inseparable. typically materialists, soul can't survive without the body, life after death only possible if life is physical - resurrection
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What did Kant say about Monism?
we can only have knowledge of the physical world
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What is materialism?
the view that human beings are physical rather than consisting of a physical body and an immaterial soul
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What did Plato believe?
dualist, soul is immortal, body is mortal, soul is set free from body at death, goal of soul is to reach world of forms, knowledge of forms comes from soul, views body negatively
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What are Plato's aspects of the soul?
(1) REASON searches for truth and rules the soul (2) SPIRIT includes aspects that can be trained, aggressiveness, honourable, emotion (3) DESIRE FOR MERCENARY necessary desires, self pleasures
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What is the argument from opposites?
physical world consists of opposites, opposite of living = death, for death to be something soul must exist, supports reincarnation (something dead is opposite is alive) believed souls are bewitched by body
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What did Peter Geach say about Plato's view?
rejects it, questions what it can mean for the disembodied soul to see the forms as process is linked to body and sense experience
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what are the other criticisms of Plato's theories?
is learning a matter of remembering? learning requires new knowledge and isn't remembering. Does the argument from opposites demonstrate existence of the soul? If platos theory of the forms is debatable then the theory of the soul is undermined
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What does Aristotle say about the soul?
soul is the form of the body, soul gives shape to matter, soul is principle of life or activity of the body.
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What does Aristotle say the faculties of the Soul are?
nutrition, perception, desire, locomotion and intellect
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What defines Hell?
some people focus on the idea that hell is a separate state from God and others - utter loneliness
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What did Aquinas say about hell?
that it is a state of punishment and separation from God
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Who was Sarte and what did he say?
athiest who suggested that hell is an experience of separation from other people.
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What is the Problem Of Evil?
supported by Swinburne, Irenaus and Augustine - all emphasise free will as an explanation for the existence of God
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What is Predestination?
Roman Catholics believe that no one is predestined to go to hell - God love us all, if you wilfully turn away from God then you will go to hell
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What does John 3:13-17 say?
God wants to forgive us and be in a good relationship with everyone
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What is Divine Election?
John Calvin thought of it, some people are destined for a relationship with God - others are not, The mater of who is chosen is a matter for God - associated with predestination, some to have eternal life others not, peoples actions are signs
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What is Hicks Replica Theory?
rejects dualism, defended beliefs in resurrection, replica is the same as us but not on earth, can resurrect immediately after death or after some time, not the same as a copy, body & soul together, identity kept
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What about multiple replicas?
some philosophers argue that there is more than one replica - individuality of the replica would be lost
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What is in 1 Thessalonians 4:13-14?
jesus is resurrected, died for people and rises from the dead - jesus is somehow changed and different DOUBTING THOMAS
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What does Peter Geach say about life after death?
the only meaningful way we can talk about it is through resurrection. unity of body and soul means that there can only be life after death if they are together
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What is the Particular Judgement?
each person judged by God at death, personal to the individual, good to heaven bad to hell
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are dualists?

Back

mind and soul are separate from the body - PLATO and DESCARTES believed this

Card 3

Front

What did Descartes say?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why is a dualist approach credible?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a Monist?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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