6. How is Realism different to the traditional theories?
It takes the issue of crime seriously and its effects on victims seriously, aims to create practical solutions for reducing and dealing with crime and criminals
It is only interested in theoritical ideas, not practical solutions
Only interested in crime and inequality
7. What are three main concepts of Left Realism's explanation of crime?
Dont use official stastics for trends and patterns to response to crime as dont belive they are accurate, Want to shape policies to solve crime so want gov to accept proposals, Focus on impact of crime individuals & communities
Use official stastics for trends and patterns to response to crime but dont belive they are entirely accurate, Want to shape policies to solve crime so want gov to accept proposals, Focus on impact of crime individuals & communities
Use official stastics for trends and patterns to response to crime and belive they are entirely accurate, Want to shape policies to solve crime so want gov to accept proposals, Focus on impact of crime individuals & communities
8. Evaluation of individualism?
Young is wrong as crime rates are falling (OCS & CSEW), divorce rates decreasing so reduction in social breakdown
Young is right as crime rates are falling (OCS & CSEW), divorce rates decreasing so reduction in social breakdown
Young is wrong as crime rates are falling (OCS & CSEW), divorce rates increasing so increase in social breakdown
9. What was Jones evaluation of Left Realism's explanation?
Fails to explain real causes of street crime, little evidence for offender's motives, Over-relies on flawed subcultural theory - Revived useful concepts, relative deprivation & problem street crime is for weaker groups, doesnt attack/glorify police
Fails to explain why not all who experience realtive deprivation commit crimes, never ask victims views on causes of crime, only use views of victims in urban areas where crime is higher - misleading of all crime
Fails to explain why not all who experience realtive deprivation commit crimes, always ask victims views on causes of crime, only use views of victims in rural areas where crime is lower - misleading of all crime
10. What is the issue with military policing according to Kinsey et al?
Local communities dont trust police, dont give info to stop crime, resort to stop&search, CCTV, leads to immobilisation of bystanders, members support picked on groups, minor unsocial disturbances
Local communities dont trust police, dont give info to solve crime, resort to stop&search, CCTV, leads to mobilisation of bystanders, groups support picked on members, major social disturbances
National communities over trust police, give info to solve crime, lack of stop&search, CCTV, leads to mobilisation of bystanders, groups support picked on members, major social disturbances
11. What are the two different types of Realism and how do they differ?
Left Realism - Influenced by more radical and marxist ideas & Right Realism - More influenced by right-wing Capitalist thinking
Left Realism - Influenced by more radical and socialist ideas & Right Realism - More influenced by right-wing Conservative thinking
Right Realism - Influenced by more radical and socialist ideas & Left Realism - More influenced by right-wing Conservative thinking
12. What is an evaluation of Military style policing?
Makes sense to have more policing in urban areas with more violent crime, attempts have been made to improve relationships eg after McPherson report into insitutional racism, recruit more ethnic minority officers
Makes sense to have less policing in urban areas with more violent crime where officers could get hurt, attempts have been made to improve relationships eg after McPherson report into insitutional sexism, recruit more female officers
Makes sense to have more policing in rural areas with more violent crime, attempts have been made to improve relationships eg after McPherson report into insitutional racism, recruit more ethnic minority officers
13. What happens to relative deprivation in Late Modernity?
Become unown throughout all society, hgiher standards of living mean it isnt around
Become generalised throughout all society, widespread resentment at unfair wages, m/c hate w/c for using welfare benefits
Become generalised throughout community, little resentment at unfair wages, m/c hate w/c for using welfare benefits
14. Which Left Realist studied three things and what were they?
Ruggiero - Point out corporate & organised crime, Sim (Marxist) says too realistic & ignore 'real' causes of crime ('Capitalism'), Carlen (Feminist) says ignore women (domestic violence esp), reply is nope
Ruggiero - Negelect corporate & organised crime, Sim (Marxist) says not realistic & ignore real causes of crime (Capitalism), Carlen (Feminist) says ignore women (domestic violence esp), reply is nope
Ruggiero - Negelect corporate & organised crime, Sim (Neo-Marxist) says not realistic & ignore real causes of crime (Communism), Carlen (Feminist) says ignore women (domestic violence esp), reply is nope
16. What is the outcome of the three concepts?
Street crime and burglary commited largely by young males as ideological resistance
Street crime and burglary commited largely by young males
Street crime and burglary commited largely by young females
17. What two problems do their crime prevention strageties aim to challenge?
Deprivation & Marginalisation - Critical cause of crimes
Relative Deprivation & Marginalisation - Critical cause of crimes
Class Inequality & Marginalisation - Critical cause of crimes
18. What did Young believe socilogists role was in crime and deviance?
Provide revelant & credible solutions for policies to limit harm crime does to poorer sections of the community
Provide revelant & credible solutions for policies to stop harm deviance does to poorer sections of the community
Provide theoritical solutions for policies to limit harm crime does to poorer sections of the community
19. What does Young say about the peroid we're living in?
Late modernity - Insecurity, instability & exclusion make crime worse, deindustralisation, increased umemployement/poverty esp for young/ethnic minorities,destablished family/community life, less welfare spending, more marginalisation & exclusion
Late modernity - Insecurity, instability & exclusion make crime worse, deindustralisation, decreased umemployement/poverty esp for young/ethnic minorities,established family/community life, more welfare spending, less marginalisation & exclusion
Late Postmodernity - Insecurity, instability &exclusion make crime worse, deindustralisation, increased umemployement/poverty esp for young/ethnic minorities,destablished family/community life, less welfare spending, more marginalisation & exclusion
20. What has increased the sense of relative deprivation in Late Modernity?
Greater inequality and individualism, Cultural inclusion (media promote consumerism) & economic inclusion (rpoor people included in oppurtunities)
Greater inequality and individualism, Cultural inclusion (media promote consumerism) & economic exclusion (poor people excluded from oppurtunities)
Greater equality and individualism, Cultural exclusion (media promote consumerism) & economic exclusion (poor people excluded from oppurtunities)
