A relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience.
Learning
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A procedure during which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus.
Classical Conditioning
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The steps in the procedure to condition a new response.
Classical Conditioning Schedule
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The stimulus that produces the reflex response, such as the food for Pavlov's dog.
Unconditioned Stimulus
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The reflex response to an unconditioned stimulus, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
Unconditioned Response
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A new stimulus presented with the UCS, such as the bell in Pavlov's experiment.
Conditioned Stimulus
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The response that is learnt; it now occurs when the CS is presented, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
Conditioned Response
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Something that happens when a conditioned response dies out.
Extinction
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Something that happens when a conditioned response that has disappeared suddenly appears again.
Spontaneous Recovery
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Learning due to the consequences of behaviour, through positive or negative reinforcement.
Operant conditioning
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Behaviours that are followed by rewards are usually repeated; those that are punished usually are not.
Law Of Effect
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A stimulus that weakens behaviour because it is unpleasant and we try to avoid it.
Punishment
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A consequence of behaviour that encourages or strengthens a behaviour. This might be seen as a reward.
Reinforcement
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A reward or pleasant consequence that increases the likelihood that a behaviour or action will be repeated.
Positive Reinforcement
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When an unpleasant experience is removed after a behaviour or action has been made. This increases the likelihood of that behaviour or action being repeated.
Negative Reinforcement
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Changing behaviour in small steps.
Behaviour Shaping
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A persistent and irrational fear of an object, activity or situation. The typical symptoms are intense feelings of fear and anxiety to avoid the object, activity or situation.
Phobia
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A treatment for phobias that involves the immediate exposure of the person to the feared object, activity or event, until there is no fear response.
Flooding
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A treatment for phobias in which the person is taught to relax and then is gradually exposed to the feared object, activity or event.
Systematic Desensitisation
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A series of feared events ranked from least to most frightening.
Hierarchy of Fears
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A treatment for addictions, such as drug and alcohol dependency, which makes the addict have an extremely negative reaction to the addictive substance.
Aversion Therapy
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A reward, such as food or water, that the animal or person needs in order to survive.
Primary Reinforcer
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A reward, such as money or a token, that the animal or person can exchange for a primary reinforcer.
Secondary Reinforcer
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
A procedure during which an animal or person learns to associate a reflex response with a new stimulus.
Back
Classical Conditioning
Card 3
Front
The steps in the procedure to condition a new response.
Back
Card 4
Front
The stimulus that produces the reflex response, such as the food for Pavlov's dog.
Back
Card 5
Front
The reflex response to an unconditioned stimulus, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
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