Key Words : D

Deoxyribose

Pentose sugar; Component of a nucleic acid; DNA has deoxyribose

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Dipeptide

Two amino acids joined together forms a dipeptide

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Dissacharide

Formed when two monosaccharides, usually hexoses, react together in a condensation reaction; The bond formed between two hexose sugars (disaccharide) is called an alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond; E.g. Sucrose (non-reducing sugar), Maltose (reducing sugar)

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Disulfide bonds

Covalent bonds formed between R groups of sulfur-containing amino acids E.g. Cysteine; Very strong bonds which gives Collagen it's strength; Largely related to quaternary proteins

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DNA

Genetic code; regulates the development of living organisms through control of protein synthesis; Cannot leave the nucleus; Sequence of DNA bases determines amino acid sequence (p structure) of polypeptides; Nucleus contains DNA in chromosomes;

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DNA Helicase

An enzyme; 'Unzips' the two strands of DNA by breaking the H bonds between bases.

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DNA polymerase

An enzyme that synthesizes DNA molecules from (deoxyribo)nucleotides; i.e. Nucleotides of each strand are joined together by this enzyme; Essential for DNA replication; usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from one strand

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DNA replication

Takes place before the chromosomes duplicate during mitosis; aka semi-conservative replication; two methods of replication by Meselson and Stahl ; Conservative model and Semi-conservative model

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Double bond

Unsaturated fatty acids have at least one c=c double bond; i.e. its monounsaturated (one double bond) e.g. Oleic acid; Polyunsaturated (more than one)

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Double Helix

DNA molecule; Each strand of DNA is wound round each other held together by the bases; There are 10 base pairs for each complete turn of the helix; Consists of two anti-parallel strands held by H bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases

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Key Words : D

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