Keeping Healthy

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  • Created by: Lilly_G
  • Created on: 13-11-15 18:36
What is a healthy diet?
It contains the right balance of different foods your body needs and provides the right amount of energy.
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What groups are needed in healthy diet?
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used by the body to release energy and to build cells. Mineral ions and vitamins are needed in small amounts for the body to function correctly.
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What is malnourishment?
A condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems.
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What is malnourishment caused by?
A person being overweight or obese. A person being underweight. Deficiency diseases or conditions such as Type 2 diabetes.
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What is a metabolic rate?
The rate at which all the chemical reactions in your body's cells are carried out.
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What is the metabolic rate affected by?
The amount of activity or exercise you do, the proportion of fat to muscle in your body and inherited factors
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Who is rather likely to have a higher metabolic rate: someone who exercises regularly or someone who doesn't exercise. Why?
Someone who exercises regularly. The metabolic rate will stay high for some time after finishing exercise. The less exercise taken, the less food is needed.
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What is Cholesterol?
A fatty substance that is found in all cells of the body.
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Where is cholesterol made and found?
Made in liver. Found in blood
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What does the amount cholesterol in your blood depend on?
Your diet and inherited factors
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Your body cells need cholesterol. However, too much cholesterol can cause bad diseases? What is the most common disease?
Heart disease.
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Put the following people in order of how much energy they are likely to need in their diet? (Lowest to highest)? Professional athlete, Office Worker, PE Teacher.
Professional athlete, PE Teacher, Office Worker.
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What is the name given to the rate at which chemical reactions occur in the body?
Metabolic Rate
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What term is used to describe someone who does not eat a balanced diet?
Malnourished
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Does exercise increase or decrease the amount of energy used by the body?
Increases.
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What are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases called?
Pathogens
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What are the two main types of pathogens?
Bacteria and viruses
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How do white blood help to defend the body?
Ingesting pathogens. Producing antitoxins to neutralize toxins from pathogens. producing antibodies to destroy particular pathogens.
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What is a toxin?
a poison produced by a living organism.
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Describe bacteria.
They are small but not as small as viruses. Reproduce rapidly. May produce toxins to make you feel ill. Cause illnesses like tubercolosis (TB), tetanus and cholera.
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Describe viruses.
They are smaller than bacteria, reproduce rapidly once inside living cells;damaging the cells, may produce toxins that make you feel ill, cause illnesses like colds, flu, measles and polio.
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What are white blood cells?
They produce specific antibodies to a pathogen to kill it and leads it to become immune to that pathogen. This means white blood cells are sensitized to a particular pathogen and can produce more antibodies quickly if it infects the body again.
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How to vaccinations work?
They help you become immune to a particular disease/pathogen.Small amounts of an inactive or dead pathogen are injected into your body, the white blood cells produce antibodies to destroy the pathogen.
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How do vaccinations work? Continued.
You then have an acquired immunity to this particular pathogen because your white blood cells are sensitized to it, in the same way as if you had the disease.
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Who was Semmelweiss?
Doctor - worked in hospitals in 1840s. Recognized hygiene was important to prevent infectious diseases spreading. He insisted that doctors wash their hands. Reduced deaths from infectious diseases.
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Antibiotics - what are they?
Kill infectous bacterial pathogens. They don't kill viral pathogens which live inside cells. Difficult to develop drugs that kill viruses without killing the body's own tissues
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What groups are needed in healthy diet?

Back

Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used by the body to release energy and to build cells. Mineral ions and vitamins are needed in small amounts for the body to function correctly.

Card 3

Front

What is malnourishment?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is malnourishment caused by?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a metabolic rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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