June 2018 Higher Paper 2
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- Created by: IAMCLEVER9
- Created on: 11-03-21 17:20
Many human actions are reflexes.
Which two of the following are examples of reflex actions?
Which two of the following are examples of reflex actions?
Releasing saliva when food enters the mouth
Withdrawing the hand from a sharp object
Withdrawing the hand from a sharp object
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Name one stimulus that would cause the pupil to get smaller.
Bright light
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What causes the change in size of the pupil?
Iris
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Describe how the iris causes the pupil to get smaller.
Muscle contraction
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What do receptors do?
Receptors detect stimulus.
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What do neurones do?
Neurones conduct impulses.
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What do effectors do?
Effectors carry out response.
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Many scientists think that an increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere causes an increase in air temperature.
How would an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere cause an increase in air temperature?
How would an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere cause an increase in air temperature?
It traps heat.
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In each year, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is higher in the winter than in the summer.
Give one human activity that could cause the higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the winter.
Give one human activity that could cause the higher concentration of carbon dioxide in the winter.
Burning of fossil fuels
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Give one biological process that could cause the lower concentration of carbon dioxide in the summer.
Photosynthesis
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Give two possible effects of an increase in global air temperature on living organisms.
Higher yield
Loss of habitat
Loss of habitat
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One method of gaining water is by metabolism.
What metabolic process produces water?
What metabolic process produces water?
Respiration of glucose
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A person ran a 10KM race.
The volume of water lost from the body through the skin and by breathing increased.
Explain why more water was lost through the skin during the race.
The volume of water lost from the body through the skin and by breathing increased.
Explain why more water was lost through the skin during the race.
Because exercise releases heat and you sweat more.
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Explain why more water was lost by breathing during the race.
Because more energy is needed which leads to aerobic respiration so your breathing rate increases to remove water.
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Light is an environmental factor that affects the growth of dandelion plants.
Give two other environmental factors that affect the growth of dandelion plants.
Give two other environmental factors that affect the growth of dandelion plants.
Temperature
Water
Water
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What is cell division need for?
For growth and reproduction
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All cells produced are genetically identical.
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Mitosis only
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In humans, at the end of cell division each cell contains 23 chromosomes.
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Meiosis only
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It involves DNA replication.
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Is this statement true for mitosis, meiosis or both?
Both mitosis and meiosis
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Bluebells can reproduce sexually by producing seeds and can reproduce asexually by making new bulbs.
One advantage of asexual
reproduction for bluebells is that only one parent is needed.
State two other advantages of asexual reproduction for bluebells.
One advantage of asexual
reproduction for bluebells is that only one parent is needed.
State two other advantages of asexual reproduction for bluebells.
Many offspring are produced
It takes less time
It takes less time
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Explain why sexual reproduction is an advantage for bluebells.
Because there is a genetic variation in offspring so it is better adapted to survive and they can colonise new areas by seed dispersal. Also many offspring mean there's a higher probability some will survive.
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When investigating the geotropism in the roots of bean seedlings, why did the students surround the seedlings with damp blotting paper?
To prevent water affecting the direction of root growth
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A plant hormone is made in the root tip.
The hormone diffuses from the tip into the tissues of the root.
Explain how the hormone causes the appearance of the seedlings
to be different.
The hormone diffuses from the tip into the tissues of the root.
Explain how the hormone causes the appearance of the seedlings
to be different.
There's an uneven distribution of hormone in A and there's an even distribution in B so there will will be an equal growth in B whereas A's top grow father than the bottom of the seedling.
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In horticulture plants, what are hormones used for?
Controlling plant growth
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What is the plant hormone auxin used for?
To stimulate root growth in plant cuttings
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What is the plant hormone ethene used for?
To reduce the time taken for tomatoes to ripen
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What is the plant hormone gibberellin used for?
To promote seed germination
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Give one way that biomass is lost between trophic levels.
Respiration
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A large amount of untreated sewage entered the river. Many fish died.
Untreated sewage contains organic matter and bacteria.
Explain why many fish died.
Untreated sewage contains organic matter and bacteria.
Explain why many fish died.
This is due to bacteria decay and organic matter being digested and bacteria respires aerobically which lowers oxygen concentration in water so reduced energy supply causes death of fish.
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A student suggested:
‘The percentage of fat in milk is controlled by one dominant allele and one
recessive allele.’
How many different phenotypes would this produce
‘The percentage of fat in milk is controlled by one dominant allele and one
recessive allele.’
How many different phenotypes would this produce
2
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One of the genes codes for an enzyme used in fat metabolism.
A mutation in this gene causes a reduction in milk fat.
The mutation changes one amino acid in the enzyme molecule.
Explain how a change in one amino acid in an enzyme molecule could stop the
A mutation in this gene causes a reduction in milk fat.
The mutation changes one amino acid in the enzyme molecule.
Explain how a change in one amino acid in an enzyme molecule could stop the
Different protein is made which means active site has changed so substrate doesn't fit.
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Classification group of Mammalia.
Class
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Classification group of Primates.
Order
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Classification group of Lemuroidea.
Family
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Classification group of catta.
Species
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Give the binomial name of the ring-tailed lemur.
Lemur catta
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Suggest how ancestors of modern lemurs reached Madagascar.
Carried by favourable currents on masses of vegetation.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Name one stimulus that would cause the pupil to get smaller.
Back
Bright light
Card 3
Front
What causes the change in size of the pupil?
Back
Card 4
Front
Describe how the iris causes the pupil to get smaller.
Back
Card 5
Front
What do receptors do?
Back
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