Ionic Bonding

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  • Created by: joshd
  • Created on: 30-03-14 09:46
What happens in ionic bonding?
Atoms transfer (lose or gain) electrons to form positively or negatively charged atoms (or groups of atoms) called ions. Because of the attraction of opposite charges, + and -, the ions are then strongly attracted to one another.
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What do all of the atoms over at the left-hand side of the periodic table have? (Examples of elements)
All the atoms over at the left-hand side of the periodic table (e.g, sodium, potassium, calcium, etc.) have just one or two electrons in their outer shell.
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Why are all of the atoms keen to get shot of the electrons? What does this mean if they do get rid in the half chance? What are ions like?
As then they'll only have full shells left, which is how they like it. So given a half a chance they do get rid, and that leaves the atom as an ion instead. Ions tend to leap at the first passing ion with an opposite charge and stick to it.
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Which elements (groups) have outer shells which are nearly full? (Examples)
On the other side of the periodic table, the elements in Group 6 and Group 7, such as oxygen and chlorine, have outer shells which are nearly full.
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Why are the elements on the other side of the periodic table like this? What happens when they do?
As they're keen to gain that extra one or two electrons to fill the shell up. When they do, they become ions, POP and then they've latched onto the atom (ion) that gave up the electron a moment earlier.
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What is a classic reaction and how does it occur?
Between sodium and chlorine. The sodium atom gives up its outer electron and becomes an Na+ ion. The chlorine atom picks up the spare electron and becomes a Cl- ion. A POP occurs during this.
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What are the elements that most readily form ions?
Those in Groups 1,2,6,7.
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What are Groups 1 and 2 elements and what do they do?
Groups 1 and 2 elements are metals and they lose electrons to form +ve ions or cations.
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What are Groups 6 and 7 elements and what do they do?
Group 6 and 7 elements are non-metals and they gain electrons to form -ve ions or anions.
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Give examples of cations in Group 1 and Group 2.
Group 1: Li+, Na+, K+ Group 2: Be2+ Mg2+ Ca2+
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Give examples of anions in Group 6 and Group 7.
Group 6: 02- Group 7: F- Cl-
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What happens when any of these cations of Group 1 and 2 join with the anions?
They form ionic bonds.
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What are the only elements which will form ionic bonds? Give example.
Only elements at opposite sides of the periodic table will form ionic bonds, e.g, Na and Cl, where one of them becomes a cation (+ve) and one becomes an anion (-ve).
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What do all of the atoms over at the left-hand side of the periodic table have? (Examples of elements)

Back

All the atoms over at the left-hand side of the periodic table (e.g, sodium, potassium, calcium, etc.) have just one or two electrons in their outer shell.

Card 3

Front

Why are all of the atoms keen to get shot of the electrons? What does this mean if they do get rid in the half chance? What are ions like?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Which elements (groups) have outer shells which are nearly full? (Examples)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why are the elements on the other side of the periodic table like this? What happens when they do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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