igneous rocks 0.0 / 5 ? GeologyModule 2ASOCR Created by: Night-rubyCreated on: 03-10-16 18:44 Igneous rock Rocks that have cooled from magma 1 of 44 Magma molten rock 2 of 44 lava molten rock that cools at the surface 3 of 44 silicic igneous rocks Composition rich in silica of more than 30% and is leucocratic (light coloured) 4 of 44 intermediate igneous rocks silica content of 66-52% and are mesocratic (grey) 5 of 44 Mafic igneous rock silica content of 52-45% and are melanocratic (dark) 6 of 44 Ultramafic igneous rocks silica content less than 45% 7 of 44 felsic minerals light coloured and silica rich 8 of 44 mafic minerals dark coloured, silica poor and rich in iron and magnesium 9 of 44 Extrusive igneous rocks that cool at the surface both lava and pyroclasts 10 of 44 intrusive igneous rocks that cool below the surface 11 of 44 hypabyssal igneous rocks form at relatively shallow depths below the surface 12 of 44 plutonic when igneous rocks form deep below the surface 13 of 44 Divergent plate margin where two plates are moving apart and magma is rising up between them 14 of 44 convergent plate margin where two plates are colliding and magma is formed above a subduction zone or deep in the crust 15 of 44 hot spot formed by a fixed mantle plume bringing magma to the surface 16 of 44 partial melting occurs where some of the minerals in a rock melt to form a magma 17 of 44 country rock any rock into which an igneous rock is intruded 18 of 44 minor intrusion cool at hypabyssal depth below the surface and include sills and dykes 19 of 44 major intrusion plutonic and cool deep below the surface and include batholiths 20 of 44 contact where igneous rock meets the country rock 21 of 44 chilled margin where the igneous rock has cooled rapidly so it has fine crystals 22 of 44 baked margin country rock where it was heated by the intrusion and altered 23 of 44 metamorphic aureole large area around a batholith where the rocks have been metamorphose 24 of 44 volcano vent at the surface of the Earth through which magma and other volcanic materials are ejected 25 of 44 pyroclast individual fragment ejected during an eruption 26 of 44 pyroclastic describes all fragmental materials formed by explosive eruptions 27 of 44 pyroclastic rocks formed when the pyroclastic material is compacted into rocks 28 of 44 pyroclastic flow hot mixture of pyroclastic material and gas 29 of 44 isopachyte line joining points equal thickness of a deposit 30 of 44 lahars mudflows of wet ash and volcanic debris that can flow rapidly down a mountainside 31 of 44 viscosity measure of a fluid's resistance to flow and controls the stickiness of a magma which depends on silica content 32 of 44 shield volcano gentle slopes of less than 10 degrees and a circular vent 33 of 44 fissure eruptions where magma reaches the surface along long linear crack 34 of 44 submarine eruptions where magma comes from a vent or fissure on sea floor 35 of 44 low viscosity where magma is fluid and flows freely 36 of 44 effusive fluid non explosive basalt lava 37 of 44 hawaiian eruption large amounts of fluid basaltic magma from which gases escape few pyroclasts 38 of 44 strombolian eruption explosive with less fluid basalt and andesitic lava, regular eruptions of gas and pyroclasts 39 of 44 vulcanian eruption violent eruptions with viscous andesitic lava and large quantities of pyroclastic material 40 of 44 plinian eruption extremely explosive with viscous gas filled andesitic and rhyolitic lava and tremendous volumes of pyroclastic material 41 of 44 active volcano erupted within recorded history 42 of 44 extinct volcano not shown any historic activity and heavily eroded 43 of 44 dormant volcano one that has not erupted within recorded history but shows in the rock record 44 of 44
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