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6. What rate of rewarming should be used for passive rewarming?

  • 1 degree per hour
  • 2 degrees per hour
  • 5 degrees per hour
  • 1.5 degrees per hour

7. What is the hunting reflex?

  • Increased muscle tone via recruitment of brown adipose tissue
  • Rapid skin cooling as a response to cold shock
  • Fluctuation in vasoconstriction and vasodilation
  • Mechanical action of ice crystals resulting in tissue death

8. What is NOT a factor contributing to hypothermia?

  • Age
  • Race
  • High wind speed
  • Fatigue
  • Clothing
  • Rain
  • Starvation
  • Shock
  • Body size and composition

9. Below what temperature are peripheral tissues at risk for developing frostbite?

  • -0.5 degrees
  • -10 degrees
  • -5 degrees
  • -17 degrees

10. In a temperature of -29 degrees, with a wind chill of 10mph, what does the temperature feel like?

  • -30
  • -44
  • -55
  • -40

11. What is not a response of mild hypothermia?

  • Intense cold sensation
  • Intense shivering
  • Unconsciousness
  • Peripheral vasoconstriction
  • Irritability

12. What is not an action of Rho kinase after it has been activated by increasing levels of free radicals?

  • Deactivates myosin light chain
  • Promotes adrenergic receptors
  • Inhibits myosin light chain kinase
  • Inhibits myosin light chain phosphatase
  • Results in vasoconstriction

13. Rescue from cold water immersion can result in death

  • True
  • False

14. For what body temperature is passive rewarming necessary?

  • Below 30 degrees
  • Below 32 degrees
  • Below 34 degrees
  • Below 37 degrees

15. What happens to permeability of small blood vessels from freezing?

  • Increased
  • Decreased

16. Thermoregulatory responses begin to fail during what stage of hypothermia?

  • Mild
  • Moderate
  • Extreme
  • Severe

17. Below what temperature does severe hypothermia occur?

  • 30 degrees
  • 32 degrees
  • 35 degrees
  • 29 degrees

18. Exercise training can enhance what cold response?

  • Hunting reflex
  • Shivering
  • Cold shock response
  • Sensing acute cold

19. What is not a category of hypothermia?

  • Severe
  • Extreme
  • Moderate
  • Mild

20. Cold, wet feet induce

  • Vasoconstriction
  • Vasodilation