Hydrocarbons 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryCrude oil, cracking and hydrocarbonsGCSEAQA Created by: Little RobinCreated on: 27-11-17 18:26 What is a hydrocarbon? Any compound formed from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. 1 of 27 What type of bonds do Alkanes have? C-C single bonds. 2 of 27 What formula do Alkanes have? CnH2n+2 3 of 27 What series are alkanes a part of and what does this mean? Homologous series - a group of organic compounds that react in a similar way. 4 of 27 Are Alkanes saturated or unsaturated? Saturated. 5 of 27 What does saturated mean? Each carbon atom forms four single covalent bonds. 6 of 27 What does unsaturated mean? The carbon atom forms a double bond. 7 of 27 What are the first 4 alkanes? Methane, Ethane, Propane and Butane. 8 of 27 Shorter hydrocarbon have what properties? Less viscous, more volatile, more flammable. 9 of 27 Complete combustion occurs when there's plenty of what? Oxygen. 10 of 27 Does complete combustion release energy? Yes, a lot of energy. 11 of 27 What are the waste products of complete combustion? Carbon dioxide and water. 12 of 27 What happens during combustion? The carbon and hydrogen are oxidised. 13 of 27 Why are hydrocarbons used as fuels? Because they of the amount of energy they produce when they combust completely. 14 of 27 Crude oil is what kind of fuel? What is it made of? Fossil fuel. It's formed from the remains of plants and animals. 15 of 27 What are some examples of fossil fuels? Coal, oil and gas. 16 of 27 Are fossil fuels renewable or nonrenewable? Nonrenewable. 17 of 27 What is crude oil a mixture of? Different hydrocarbons, most of which are alkanes 18 of 27 How are the compounds in crude oil separated? Fractional distillation. 19 of 27 What are the different fractions gained from fractional distillation? From high to low boiling points. Bitumen, heavy fuel oil, Diesel Oil, Kerosene, Petrol, LPG. 20 of 27 What kinds of transport does oil provide fuel for? Cars, Trains and planes. 21 of 27 What does the petrochemical industry use hydrocarbons from crude oil for? As feedstock to make new compounds for use in things such as polymers, solvents, lubricants and detergents. 22 of 27 What are organic compounds? Compounds containing carbon atoms. 23 of 27 What is cracking? The splitting up of long-chain Hydrocarbons. 24 of 27 What does cracking produce? Alkenes and alkanes. 25 of 27 What are the two types of cracking? Catalytic cracking and steam cracking. 26 of 27 What type of reaction is cracking? And what does it mean? A thermal decomposition reaction - Breaking down molecules by heating them. 27 of 27
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