Humanistic Approach

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What are the two key assumptions of the humanistic approach?
1) Person Centred - studies subjective human experiences. 2) People have freewill and are in control of their behaviour.
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When was the humanistic approach introduced?
1950's
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Who believed in "Fully Functioning People"?
Carl Rogers
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What are the 5 characteristics of a fully functioning person, according to Rogers?
Open to experience; Existential living; Trusting feelings; Creativity & Fulfilled life.
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What are the 2 conditions of worth?
1) Unconditional Positive Regard- Unconditional love, despite any faults ie parental love 2) Self-worth- Feeling confident & positive about themself, faces life challenges and acccepts failure & unhappiness.
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What did Rogers believe about a person's concept of self?
That it must be similar to their ideal self.
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When does incongruence occur?
When there is a discrepancy between the self and the ideal self, which can prevent personal growth.
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Who devised the "Hierarchy of Needs"?
Abraham Maslow.
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What are the stages of the "Hierarchy of Needs"?
Physiological needs (basic needs) - food/water; Safety - health/employment; Love&Belonginess - friends/family; Esteem Needs - self-esteem/confidence; Self-actualisation - morality/creativity.
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Complete this strength of the Humanistic Approach: Humanistic psychologists adopt a holistic approach to psychology...
E: They believe subjective experiences can only be understood by considering 'whole' person- mind and body working together. Contrasts behaviourists as they reduce behaviour to stimulus-response. C: H has more validity in explaining real behaviour.
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Complete this strength of the Humanistic Approach: Humanistic psychology developed an important form of modern-day psychotherapy...
E: Rogers developed Person-Centred Therapy where 'clients' are in charge of their recovery. It focuses on listening, accepting and understanding clients. The purpose is to increase self-worth & reduce incongruence. C: PCT effective for mild disorders
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What are the 3 basic principles of Client-Centred Therapy?
1) Therapist is congruent with the client 2) Therapist provides client with unconditional positive regard 3) Therapist shows empathetic understanding.
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Complete this weakness of the Humanistic Approach: Humanistic psychology is unscientific and lacking in empirical evidence...
E: H psychologists reject use of experiments to study behaviour and many humanistic ideas are difficult to test i.e. 'self-actualisation' & 'congruence'. C: Critics argue humanistic methods shouldn't be used if psychology wants to be a science.
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Complete this weakness of the Humanistic Approach: Humanistic psychology is accused of being culturally bias...
E: Key ideas of H psychologists E.G. personal growth, self-esteem & achievement, are important in indivdualistic cultures, not collectivist so we cannot apply these explanations to them. C: H psychology cannot be generalised to all cultures.
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When was the humanistic approach introduced?

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1950's

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Who believed in "Fully Functioning People"?

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Card 4

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What are the 5 characteristics of a fully functioning person, according to Rogers?

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Card 5

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What are the 2 conditions of worth?

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