Four Humours Theory: Body made of four liquids (blood, phlegm, black and yellow bile). Imbalance of these humours can cause illness and disease.
Hippocrates
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Causes of illness:
Miasma
Belief that bad air was harmful and cause illnesses.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Supernatural treatments
Praying, fasting and Pilgrimages
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Prevention and Treatment:
Rational Treatment
Bloodletting, leeches + purging. Herbal remedies also used to treat the sick. Medieval people also encouraged to take care o their bodies - exercise, sleeping and keeping clean.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Physician
Diagnosed illnesses and suggested treatments. Studied patients' blood and urine. For the rich.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Apothecary
Mixed herbal remedies.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Barber Surgeon
Performed simple surgery.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Hospitals
Owned and run by the Church.
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Prevention and Treatment:
Home
Majority of sick cared for at home (women).
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Individuals:
Hippocrates
Four Humours Theory.
Positive - Observed patients / recorded symptoms + Hippocratic Oath.
Negative - Ideas on causes of disease were wrong.
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Individuals:
Galen
Theory of Opposites.
Positive - Wrote over 250 books on medicine.
Negative - Made mistakes - Jaw bone made of 1 bone not 2.
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Case Study: Black Death (1348):
Causes
Sent by God as Punishment, bad air that corrupted the body's four humours.
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Case Study: Black Death (1348):
Treatment
Prayer, charms, bleeding and purging, sniffing strong herbs, and fires lit to remover bad air.
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Case Study: Black Death (1348):
Prevention
Pray to God, Flagellants + streets cleaned.
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Diagnosis
Identify illness based on symptoms.
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Miasma
Bad air that believed to cause diseases.
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Physician
Qualified person to practice medicine.
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Rational
Idea based on logic.
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Supernatural
Ideas not explained by science / nature.
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Bloodletting
Drawing blood from the sick.
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Herbal Remedy
Medicine made from plants / herbs.
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Pilgrimage
Journey to sacred place.
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Purging
Removing humours from the body.
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Purifying the air
Removing foul smells from the air.
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Regimen sanitatis
Instructions to help treat the sick.
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Bubonic Plague
Disease spread by bacteria (sneezing).
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Flagellants
People who whipped themselves to ask for God's forgiveness to avoid the plague.
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Quarantine
Separating sick to stop spread of disease.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Astrology also used to help diagnose illnesses.
Back
Causes of illnesses:
Supernatural
Card 3
Front
Four Humours Theory: Body made of four liquids (blood, phlegm, black and yellow bile). Imbalance of these humours can cause illness and disease.
Hippocrates
Back
Card 4
Front
Belief that bad air was harmful and cause illnesses.
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