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6. which of the following is a function of a valve?
- regulates the direction of the flow of blood through the heart
- regulates heart rate
- directs the movement of the cardiac impulse
- regulates the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin
7. an ejection fraction of 30% is:
- characteristic of a healthy person who is engaged in aerobic exercise
- the amount of oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood in the left ventricle
- characteristic of a failing heart
- normal
8. the atrioventricular node (AV node):
- has a rate that is normally faster than the SA node
- is located in the upper part of the right atrium
- delays the electrical signal coming from the atria into the ventricles
- is the pacemaker of the heart
9. sympathetic stimulation to the heart:
- decreases stroke volume
- increases heart rate
- decreases cardiac output
- causes bradycardia
10. which cavity first receives unoxygenated blood from the vena cava?
- right ventricle
- left atrium
- right atrium
- left ventricle
11. decreased blood flow through the coronary arteries is most likely to cause:
- valve damage
- angina pectoris
- pulmonary edema
- bradycardia
12. what happens during ventricular diastole?
- all semilunar valves are open
- blood is pumped to the lungs and systemic circulation
- the ventricles are filling with blood
- both AV valves are closed
13. which of the following refers to a positive inotropic effect?
- a rapid heart rate
- heart attack
- an increased myocardial contractile force
- a slow heart rate
14. what term refers to the amount of blood pumped by the ventricle in one beat?
- hematocrit
- blood volume
- stroke volume
- cardiac output
15. which layer of the heart allows it to act as a pump?
- endocardium
- myocardium
- epicardium
- pericardium
16. heart rate and stroke volume determine:
- cardiac output
- total blood volume
- hematocrit
- the size of the heart valves
17. the aorta receives blood from the:
- pulmonary veins
- right ventricle
- left ventricle
- pulmonary artery
18. the right ventricle pumps blood to the:
- pulmonary artery
- pulmonary veins
- aorta
- right atrium
19. ventricular systole refers to:
- contraction of the ventricular myocardium
- ventricular filling
- ventricular depolarisation
- the opening of the valves of the ventricles
20. most of the symptoms of acute left-sided heart failure are:
- confined to the lower extremities, as in pedal edema
- cured by an antibiotic
- respiratory in nature (e.g., dyspnea, orthopnea)
- relieved by morphine