Geography topics
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- Created by: veryswagperson
- Created on: 07-04-22 19:48
Weather in the UK
An AIR MASS is the name given to a type of air
which has the same characteristics (i.e. warm,
cold, wet or dry) and will often come from the
same place on the Earth.
The prevailing
wind comes from
the SW. This wind
blows over the
Atlantic bringing
moistu
which has the same characteristics (i.e. warm,
cold, wet or dry) and will often come from the
same place on the Earth.
The prevailing
wind comes from
the SW. This wind
blows over the
Atlantic bringing
moistu
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Sequence of a Tropical Storm
1. Air is heated above warm tropical oceans.
2. Air rises under low pressure conditions.
3. Strong winds form as rising air draws in
more air and moisture causing torrential
rain.
4. Air spins due to Coriolis effect around a
calm eye of the storm.
5. Cold
2. Air rises under low pressure conditions.
3. Strong winds form as rising air draws in
more air and moisture causing torrential
rain.
4. Air spins due to Coriolis effect around a
calm eye of the storm.
5. Cold
2 of 14
Tropical Storms
Occur in low latitudes between 5° and 30°
north and south of the equator (in the
tropics). Ocean temperature needs to be
above 27° C. Happen between summer and
autumn.
Climate change will affect tropical storms too. Warmer oceans will lead to more intens
north and south of the equator (in the
tropics). Ocean temperature needs to be
above 27° C. Happen between summer and
autumn.
Climate change will affect tropical storms too. Warmer oceans will lead to more intens
3 of 14
Extreme weather in the UK
Rain – can cause flooding damaging homes and business.
Snow & Ice – causes injuries and disruption to schools and business. Destroys farm crops.
Hail – causes damage to property and crops.
Drought – limited water supply can damage crops.
Wind – damage to
Snow & Ice – causes injuries and disruption to schools and business. Destroys farm crops.
Hail – causes damage to property and crops.
Drought – limited water supply can damage crops.
Wind – damage to
4 of 14
Climate Zones
A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups, which are adapted to that particular environment. The climate and geography of a region determines what type of biome can exist in that region.
5 of 14
Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines, November 2013
Primary Effects
At least 6340 killed
314 km/hr wind speeds.
5m Storm Surge
90% buildings in Tacloban destroyed
Habitats & Crops destroyed
Secondary Effects
$1.5 Billion of damage
Water supply polluted
1.9 million homeless, 6 million displaced
Public Or
At least 6340 killed
314 km/hr wind speeds.
5m Storm Surge
90% buildings in Tacloban destroyed
Habitats & Crops destroyed
Secondary Effects
$1.5 Billion of damage
Water supply polluted
1.9 million homeless, 6 million displaced
Public Or
6 of 14
Typhoon Haiyan, Philippines, November 2013
Immediate Responses
70-80% of New Orleans evacuated
before hurricane reached land.
State of emergency declared in
Louisiana and Mississippi.
Emergency shelters set up in public
buildings.
UK and US send navy ships.
Charities provided shelter, food and
me
70-80% of New Orleans evacuated
before hurricane reached land.
State of emergency declared in
Louisiana and Mississippi.
Emergency shelters set up in public
buildings.
UK and US send navy ships.
Charities provided shelter, food and
me
7 of 14
Evidence for Climate Change
Ice and Sediment Cores
- Ice sheets are made up of layers of snow, one per year. Gases trapped in
layers of ice can be analysed. Ice cores from Antarctica show changes over the
last 400 000 years.
- Remains of organisms found in cores from the ocean floor
- Ice sheets are made up of layers of snow, one per year. Gases trapped in
layers of ice can be analysed. Ice cores from Antarctica show changes over the
last 400 000 years.
- Remains of organisms found in cores from the ocean floor
8 of 14
Climate Change – natural or human?
Evidence for climate change shows changes before humans were
on the planet. So some of it must be natural. However, the rate of
change since the 1970s is unprecedented. Humans are responsible, despite what Mr Trump says!
on the planet. So some of it must be natural. However, the rate of
change since the 1970s is unprecedented. Humans are responsible, despite what Mr Trump says!
9 of 14
Climate Change – natural or human? CAUSES
Natural
- Orbital changes – The
sun’s energy on the Earth’s
surface changes as the
Earth’s orbit is elliptical its
axis is tilted on an angle.
- Solar Output – sunspots
increase to a maximum
every 11 years.
- Volcanic activity –
volcanic aerosols reflect
- Orbital changes – The
sun’s energy on the Earth’s
surface changes as the
Earth’s orbit is elliptical its
axis is tilted on an angle.
- Solar Output – sunspots
increase to a maximum
every 11 years.
- Volcanic activity –
volcanic aerosols reflect
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Effects of Climate Change
Social
- Increased disease eg. skin
cancer and heat stroke.
- Winter deaths decrease with
milder winters.
- Crop yields affected by up to
12% in South America but will
increase in Northern Europe but
will need more irrigation.
- Less ice in Arctic Ocean
i
- Increased disease eg. skin
cancer and heat stroke.
- Winter deaths decrease with
milder winters.
- Crop yields affected by up to
12% in South America but will
increase in Northern Europe but
will need more irrigation.
- Less ice in Arctic Ocean
i
11 of 14
Effects of Climate Change
Environmental
- Increased drought in
Mediterranean region.
- Lower rainfall causes
food shortages for
orangutans in Borneo
and Indonesia.
- Sea level rise leads
to flooding and
coastal erosion.
- Ice melts threaten
habitats of polar
bears.
- Warmer rivers
- Increased drought in
Mediterranean region.
- Lower rainfall causes
food shortages for
orangutans in Borneo
and Indonesia.
- Sea level rise leads
to flooding and
coastal erosion.
- Ice melts threaten
habitats of polar
bears.
- Warmer rivers
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Managing Climate Change
Mitigation
- Alternative energy production will
reduce CO2
production.
- Planting Trees – helps to remove
carbon dioxide.
- Carbon Capture – takes carbon
dioxide from emission sources is stored
underground.
- International Agreements e.g. the
Paris Clima
- Alternative energy production will
reduce CO2
production.
- Planting Trees – helps to remove
carbon dioxide.
- Carbon Capture – takes carbon
dioxide from emission sources is stored
underground.
- International Agreements e.g. the
Paris Clima
13 of 14
Managing Climate Change
Adaptation
- Changes in agricultural systems need to react
to changing rainfall and temperature patterns
and threat of disease and pests.
-Managing water supplies – eg. by installing
water efficient devices and increasing supply
through desalination plant
- Changes in agricultural systems need to react
to changing rainfall and temperature patterns
and threat of disease and pests.
-Managing water supplies – eg. by installing
water efficient devices and increasing supply
through desalination plant
14 of 14
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
1. Air is heated above warm tropical oceans.
2. Air rises under low pressure conditions.
3. Strong winds form as rising air draws in
more air and moisture causing torrential
rain.
4. Air spins due to Coriolis effect around a
calm eye of the storm.
5. Cold
2. Air rises under low pressure conditions.
3. Strong winds form as rising air draws in
more air and moisture causing torrential
rain.
4. Air spins due to Coriolis effect around a
calm eye of the storm.
5. Cold
Back
Sequence of a Tropical Storm
Card 3
Front
Occur in low latitudes between 5° and 30°
north and south of the equator (in the
tropics). Ocean temperature needs to be
above 27° C. Happen between summer and
autumn.
Climate change will affect tropical storms too. Warmer oceans will lead to more intens
north and south of the equator (in the
tropics). Ocean temperature needs to be
above 27° C. Happen between summer and
autumn.
Climate change will affect tropical storms too. Warmer oceans will lead to more intens
Back
Card 4
Front
Rain – can cause flooding damaging homes and business.
Snow & Ice – causes injuries and disruption to schools and business. Destroys farm crops.
Hail – causes damage to property and crops.
Drought – limited water supply can damage crops.
Wind – damage to
Snow & Ice – causes injuries and disruption to schools and business. Destroys farm crops.
Hail – causes damage to property and crops.
Drought – limited water supply can damage crops.
Wind – damage to
Back
Card 5
Front
A biome is a large geographical area of distinctive plant and animal groups, which are adapted to that particular environment. The climate and geography of a region determines what type of biome can exist in that region.
Back
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