GCSE Computer Science Key words A-C
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- Created by: DSD
- Created on: 29-12-17 20:29
Abstraction
Picking out the important bits of information.
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Accumulator
The part of the ALU that stores the intermediate results when doing a calculation.
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Active attack (networks)
A network attack where the hacker attempts to change data or introduce malware
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Algorithmic thinking
Coming up with an algorithm to solve a problem.
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Algorithm
A step-by»step set of rules or instructions.
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Alphanumeric
The collective name for letters, digits and symbols.
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Analogue signal
A continuous signal which can’t be processed by a computer.
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AND operator
One of the Boolean operators. 0∧0=0 1∧0=0 1∧0=0 1∧1=1
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Anti-malware software
Software designed to stop malware from damaging a computer or network.
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Application
A piece of software written to help users do various tasks, often through a graphical user interface with menus and toolbars.
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Architecture
Describes how the CPU works and interacts with the other parts of the computer system.
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Argument
A value that a parameter of a sub program actually takes.
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Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
The part of the CPU that carries out arithmetic and Boolean operations.
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Arithmetic operator
An operator that programs use to carry out simple mathematical operations.
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Array
A data structure where all the data is stored and defined under one variable name.
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ASCII
A 7-bit character set consisting of 128 characters.
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Assembler
A program that turns assembly language into machine code.
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Assembly language
A low-level language.
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Assignment operator
(=) Assigns the value on the right hand side to the name on the left hand side.
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Authentication
A process for checking the identity of the user.
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Backdoor
A vulnerability in a computer or network’s security that a hacker could exploit.
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Bandwidth
The amount of data that can be transferred on a network in a given time.
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Binary
A counting system using base-2 consisting of Us and is.
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Binary shift
Moving the bits in a binary number left or right and filling the gaps with 0's
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BIOS (Basic Input Output System)
Software stored in ROM responsible for booting up a computer system.
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Bitmap image
A graphic that is made up of pixels.
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Bit
A binary digit, either 0 or 1.
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Bit rate
The number of bits used per second of sampled audio.
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Boolean
A logical system using the operators OR, AND and NOT. The Boolean data can take one of two values, either true or false.
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Breakpoint
A programming tool used to halt a program at a specific place.
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Brute force attack
A network attack which uses software to crack security passwords through trial and error.
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Bus topology
A network topology in which all devices are connected to a single backbone cable.
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Byte
8 bits
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Cache (CPU)
Quick access memory inside the CPU.
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Casting
A way of changing from one data type to another.
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Cat 5 / Cat 6 cable
Standards for copper Ethernet cables used on LANs.
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Censorship
The control lusually by a government or organisation! of what information other people can access.
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Channel (Wi-Fiw)
A small range of Wi-Fi‘ frequencies.
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Character
A single alphanumeric symbol.
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Character set
A group of characters that a computer recognises from their binary representation.
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Check digit
A digit added to a string of digits which is used to check if all the digits have been entered and read correctly.
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Checksum
A number used to check if a packet of data sent between networks has been received correctly.
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Client
A device which requests data from a server.
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Client-server network
A type of network managed by a server, which takes requests from client devices.
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Clock speed
The number of instructions a processor can carry out each second.
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Cloud computing
The use of the Internet to store files and provide software. Also known as the cloud.
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Code editor
Part of an IDE where you write and edit your source code.
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Colour depth
The number of bits used for each pixel in an image file.
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Command-line interface
A text-based user interface where the user types in commands.
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Comment
A note added to source code to say what part of a program does.
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Comparison operator
Compares two values and outputs either true or false.
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Compiled code
An executable file created by a compiler.
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Compiler
A programming tool to translate source code into machine code.
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Compression
The process of making the size of a file smaller.
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Computational thinking
Tackling a problem through decomposition, abstraction and algorithmic thinking.
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Concatenation
Joining strings together.
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Condition-controlled loop
An iteration statement that repeats a set of instructions until a condition is met.
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Constant
A named value which cannot be altered as the program is running.
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Control unit (CU)
The part of the CPU that controls the flow of data.
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Copyright
A legal right that prevents others from copying or modifying your work without permission.
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Core (CPU)
A processing unit found inside the CPU.
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Count-controlled loop
An iteration statement that repeats a set of instructions a given number of times.
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CPU (or processor)
The part of the computer system that processes the data. It contains the control unit, ALU and cache.
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Creative Commons licence
Permits sharing of a creative work as long as certain requests from the original creator are upheld.
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Cultural issue
An issue which affects a particular religious, ethnic, national or other group.
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Cyberbullying
Using social media to deliberately harm someone else.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The part of the ALU that stores the intermediate results when doing a calculation.
Back
Accumulator
Card 3
Front
A network attack where the hacker attempts to change data or introduce malware
Back
Card 4
Front
Coming up with an algorithm to solve a problem.
Back
Card 5
Front
A step-by»step set of rules or instructions.
Back
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