Helps society change and remain dynamic, builds collective conscience
7. What do Functionalists think about crime and deviance?
Positive and Negetive
All negetive
All positive
8. What type of theory is Functionalism?
Strucuturalist theory
Social Action theory
Interactionalist
9. What are the four crucial bonds in Hirschi's theory?
Attachment (care about other opinons), Commitment (personal investments you will lose), Involvement (Time and space for deviant behaviour), Belief (How strong your sense is to obey the rules of society)
Re-affirming the boundaries, Changing values, Social cohesion, Safety valve
Attachment, Commitment, Social cohesion, Safety valve
10. Who was hevaily influenced by Durkheim but looks at why people don't commit crimes?
Merton
Hirschi
Pasons
11. What was the positive side of crime (Durkheim)?
The more attached you are the less you commit crime - only those not needed will commit it
Helps society change and remain dynamic, builds collective conscience
Too much crime leads to social disruption, anomie
12. Who later adapted and developed anomie?
Merton
Hirschi
Marx
13. What is changning values?
Deviant acts can release pressure (eg prostitution releases men's pressure without threatneing the family as an insitution)
Any sympathy that crime attracts can prove social change in values and lead to changes in the law
The media that crime atttracts publicly re-affirms the values of society
14. What is Hirschi's theory on crime?
Criminal activity occurs when people's attachment to society is strengthened in some way. This depends on the strength of social bonds which hold people to society
The more attached you are the less you commit crime Crimnal activity occurs when people's attachment to society is weakened in some way. This depends on the strength of social bonds which hold people to society
Deviant activity occurs when people's attachment to society is weakened in some way. This depends on the strength of social bonds which hold people to society
15. What were Durkheim's four positive aspects of crime?
Re-affirming the boundaries, Changing values, Social cohesion, Safety valve
Changing the boundaries, Keeping the same values, Social cohesion, Safety valve
Attachment, Commitment, Involvement, Belief
16. How are these bonds taught?
By By secondary socialisation only
Through socialisation
By agents of formal socail control
17. What is social cohesion?
Any sympathy that crime attracts can prove social change in values and lead to changes in the law
When horrible crimes have taken place, the community strengthens and feels a sense of belonging
Deviant acts can release pressure (eg prostitution releases men's pressure without threatneing the family as an insitution)
18. What is the evalutaion of Hirschi?
Assumes shared values, fails to explain role of subcultures in crime, Fails to acknowledge victims of crime, accepts official stastics as valid, fails to explore moivations of deviant acts
Assumes shared values, someimes social bons lead to deviance (peer groups or subcultures)
someimes social bons lead to deviance (peer groups or subcultures), ignores shared values
19. What is safety valve?
Deviant acts can release pressure (eg prostitution releases men's pressure without threatneing the family as an insitution)
The media that crime atttracts publicly re-affirms the values of society
Any sympathy that crime attracts can prove social change in values and lead to changes in the law
20. What is an extra positive function of crime in society?
It provides employment in society - lawyers, police, etc
It re-affirms the boundaries of what's acceptable in society
Allows changing values to appear and influence the law