A mixture of different compounds called hydrocarbons
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What are hydrocarbons
Substances which contain ONLY hydrogen and carbon
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How Is crude oil separated
By using fractional distillation
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Hydrocarbons in crude oil have different what
Boiling points
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What happens to the smaller hydrocarbons during fraction distillation
They have low boiling points so they boil first, become gases and travel furthest up the chimney
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What happens to the larger hydrocarbons during fraction distillation
They have higher boiling points so they take longer to boil, and they do not travel far up the chimney before condensing back into a liquid (where it is piped off)
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Properties of small chained hydrocarbons
-low melting/boiling point - lighter in colour(colourless or pale yellow) - low viscosity - easy to ignite
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Properties of long chained hydrocarbons
- high melting/boiling point - darker in colour (brown/black) - high viscosity - harder to ignite
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