Evolutionary Explanations 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologySleepA2/A-levelAQA Created by: Keyleigh-StormCreated on: 01-06-16 16:10 4523110789 Across 1. Warm-blooded animals need to expend a lot of energy to maintain a constant body -----------, which is very problematic for small animals with high metabolic rates (such as mice) - all activities use energy & animals with a high metabolism use more. (11) 4. ---------- (cows) spend their time eating plants (grass) which is relatively poor in nutrients - as a result they must spend a lot of time eating and consequently can't 'afford' to spend time sleeping. (10) 7. If an animal's a predator it can sleep for longer - for prey species sleep time is reduced as they must remain vigilant to avoid predators - logically they shouldn't sleep at all but if sleep's ----- then they're best to sleep when least vulnerable. (5) 8. IDA - The evolutionary approach fails to address some aspects of sleep, like why we shave such a ------ drive for sleep when sleep deprived - perhaps the resolution lies in a combined approach. (6) 9. Who says 'in the wild, the best strategy for passing on your genes is to be asleep for as long as you can get away with... and that is exactly what you see'? (5) Down 2. The energy consumption of the brain drops only in ---- sleep; during REM sleep the brain is still relatively active - leads to the view that it's only NREM sleep that's evolved for energy conservation. (4) 3. It's not just sleep that's adaptive but also the pattern of sleeping - sleep patterns differ from one species to another (although similar in genetically-related species) - such differences tell us about the selective --------- facing some species. (9) 4. IDA - Who proposed a theory that combines elements from both restorative and evolutionary explanations? Suggested a distinction between core and optional sleep. (5) 5. Who argued that previous research was flawed because the methods used to collect data on sleep in different animals weren't standardised and therefore comparisons between species were meaningless? (9) 10. Who reports that out of 5000 mammal species we have information about the sleep patterns of less than 150? (5)
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