European Union (Government & Politics)

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  • Created by: T Colby
  • Created on: 10-02-16 10:06
How many states are currently members of the EU?
28
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In what year was the Treaty of Rome signed?
1957
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What EU treaty was signed in 1992?
The Maastricht Treaty.
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Define federalism.
A government that acts as a union between multiple contries/states and allows independent governments to possess/maintain devolved power.
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Give a federal nation.
USA
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Give an example of the EU being federal.
Monetary union.
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Give an example of the EU being less federal.
No EU army.
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What is the Eurozone?
Member states under monetary union.
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Who are the members of the European Council?
Heads of states.
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What is the length of the President of the European Council's office?
2.5 years.
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Which two EU institutions are responsible for making EU legislation?
European Parliament and Council of Ministers
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Which is the only EU institution that is directly elected?
European Parliament.
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What is meant by democratic deficit in terms of the EU?
National parliaments don't have full soveriengty due to the EU.
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What is an example of a democratic deficit?
Not all EU institutions are democratically elected.
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What is the Principle of Subsidiary?
It emphasised that to combat federalism, decisions should be taken at the lowest level i.e. localities.
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What currency does the Eurozone use?
Euro
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Who is the current President of the European Council?
Donald Tusk (Polish).
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What is the role of the European Commission?
To propose bills for new EU legislation.
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Who is the current President of the European Commission?
Jean-Claude Junker (Luxembourg).
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What is the Council of Ministers also known as?
Council of the European Union.
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What EU treaty was signed in 2009?
Treaty of Lisbon.
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What was the percentage turnout of the electorate in the UK in the last EU Parliament election in 2014?
42.54%
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True or false? The EU is the world's largest single market.
True
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How many jobs in the UK are linked to the EU?
3.5 million.
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Is protection for product safety standards, mobile phone roaming charges and airline delays better in the EU?
Yes
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How much UK trade is with the EU?
Less than 1/6
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What was the EU's share of world GDP in 1973?
40%
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What was the EU's share of world GDP in 2010?
25%
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What is the UK's trade deficit to the EU?
52 billion pounds sterling.
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What is a factor that outdates regional trading blocs within the EU?
The internet
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What is annual membership of the EU expected to cost per person annually?
2000 pounds sterling p.a.
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Who is the European Parliament less likely to consult in the decision making process?
Pressure groups
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Why is the European Parliament less likely to consult pressure groups?
It sees itself and national parliaments as representative of the EU citizens.
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What are the two types of pressure group?
Interest and business.
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Give an example of an interest pressure group.
European Women's Lobby which is comprised of 2000 member organisations in 30 countries.
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What does the European Commission ensure?
All relevant interests are properly consulted in the policy-making process.
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Which type of pressure group is more representative of EU citizens than the other?
Interest pressure groups are more representative than business ones.
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What is the ratio of Business pressure groups to interest ones?
4:1
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What is the EESC and why was it established?
The European Economic and Social Committee was established to channel interests of pressure groups into EU policy making.
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Why do pressure groups bypass the EESC?
It lacks policy-making powers and institutional weight.
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What pressure groups have more influence?
Largest and richest ones which are normally business pressure groups.
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What were PM David Cameron's proposed EU reforms for the UK's benefit?
More sovereignty, safeguarding the rights of EU nations, preventing migrants from claiming in work benefits and less regulation to extend the single market and form new trade deals.
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What is the formal title of business pressure groups?
Private economic interest groups.
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What is the formal title of interest pressure groups?
Public or social interest groups.
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What is an example of a business pressure group?
Committee of Agricultural Organisations in the EU (COPA).
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What types of policy do business pressure groups mostly want to influence?
Competition policy, trade policy and other areas that affect their member's businesses.
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Are interest pressure groups normally profitable or non-profitable organisations?
Non-profit
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What are examples of things that interest pressure groups represent?
The environment, human rights and animal welfare.
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Give an example of an interest pressure group.
Human Rights Watch.
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What two institutions are chiefly targeted by pressure groups?
European Commission and European Parliament as they involved in the policy-making process.
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Why does the Commission welcome the lobbying of pressure groups?
It is a representation of civil society.
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Who in the Commission is targeted by pressure groups?
Directorates General.
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What two things can the Commission provide for interest pressure groups?
Funding and support to those who request it.
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In what year did the European Parliament establish its first register for pressure groups?
1996 which was for one year.
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When was the European Transparency Initiative (ETI) launched?
2005
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What is the role of the ETI?
To enhance the accountability of EU funding provided for pressure groups and to impose stricter rules on lobbying.
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What did the ETI lead to?
A Register of Interest Representatives in 2008 which pressure groups could voluntarily sign up to it and observe a code of conduct which specified that standards they need to meet in their lobbying.
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When was the Transparency Register launched which was jointly run by the Commission and Parliament and replaced both registers launched?
June 2011.
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What did the Transparency Register involve?
Information about who is engaged in lobbying activity , what the cause is they're trying to pursue and what resources and funding are involved. Also a new code of conduct.
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How many registrants were on the newest register in 2015?
8223. Around half (4158) are in-house lobbyists and trade/business/proffessional associates.
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How many lobbyists did the Coroporate Europe Observatory estimate to be in the EU?
Around 30,000 nearly matching the 31,000 staff employed by the Commission.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

In what year was the Treaty of Rome signed?

Back

1957

Card 3

Front

What EU treaty was signed in 1992?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define federalism.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give a federal nation.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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