Drug Trials *source: bitesize

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  • Created by: Vanessa
  • Created on: 16-04-17 18:46
Developing Drugs: STAGE 1
First the drugs are tested using computer models and then human cells grown in a lab. *Many fail this test because they simply don’t work or the drugs damage the cells.
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Developing Drugs: STAGE 2
Drugs that pass the first stage are then tested on animals. In the UK, new medicines must undergo these tests. The test involves giving a known amount of the substance to the animals, then monitoring them carefully for any side-effects.
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Developing Drugs: STAGE 3
Drugs that have passed animal tests are used in clinical trials. The drugs are then tested on healthy volunteers to check they are safe. Very low doses of the drug are given to begin with.
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Developing Drugs: STAGE 4
If there are no problems, further clinical trials are done to find the optimum dose for the drug.
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Developing Drugs: STAGE 5
Then they are tested on patients who are suffering from the disease.
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*REMEMBER
It is illegal to test cosmetics and tobacco products on animals.
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What is a PLACEBO?
Some patients are given the drug while others are given a placebo. A placebo is designed to appear exactly the same as the drug itself, but it does not actually contain any of the drug.
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What do we mean by BLIND TRIALS?
The volunteers do not know which group they are in but the researchers do. The problem is the researchers may give away clues to the volunteers without realising it. (The doctor knows but not the volunteer).
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What do we mean by DOUBLE-BLIND TRIALS?
The volunteer and the doctor both don’t know which drug is being given to the volunteer. (The PLACEBO or the working drug)
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What do we mean by an OPEN-LABEL TRIAL?
Both the doctor and the volunteer know the drug and the treatment. (So, no SECRETS ;-)
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What are the DISADVANTAGES of an OPEN-LABEL TRIAL?
The volunteer may fake the side effects because they know what to expect and this makes the results unreliable.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Drugs that pass the first stage are then tested on animals. In the UK, new medicines must undergo these tests. The test involves giving a known amount of the substance to the animals, then monitoring them carefully for any side-effects.

Back

Developing Drugs: STAGE 2

Card 3

Front

Drugs that have passed animal tests are used in clinical trials. The drugs are then tested on healthy volunteers to check they are safe. Very low doses of the drug are given to begin with.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

If there are no problems, further clinical trials are done to find the optimum dose for the drug.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Then they are tested on patients who are suffering from the disease.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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samcanstudy

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this really helped me with my biology project thanks budddddy

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