antibacteria. antiviral. antineoplastics, anti diabetic, CNS agents , respiratory agents
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Antibacterials 5 MOAs
1. Inhibit metabolism 2. inhibit cell wall synthesis 3. Interact with plasma membrane 4. Inhibit protein synthesis 5. Inhibit NA transport and replication
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Why are bacteria good targets
cells bare little resemblance to human cells
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Inhibition of metabolism - Sulfonamide analgoes
para sub = vital for activity , the sulfonamide N must be either primary or secondary . the only place where variation is possible is at R2
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Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Pencillins inhibit transpeptidase- which is responsiible for peptidoglycan cross linking in the cell wall
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Interactions with the plasma membrane
example - vancomycyin - allows uncontrolled movement of ions acorss CM
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Disruption of proteinsynthesis
ie tetracyclines , macrolides - bind to and block ribosomes preventing PS. need to be able to recognise
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Inhibition of NA transport and rep
quinolones and fluroquinolones prevent replication and transport of NAs
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Antivirals may act via
inhibition of Reverse transcriptase, inhibiton of post transcription phase . ion channel disrupters. inhition of neuronidase
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neuronidase
enzyme which cleaves sialic acid - degrading the mucus layer allowing virus to reach epithelial cells
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